Kev paub rau menyuam yaus hauv tsev: lom zem, lom zem thiab kev kawm. Teeb rau kev sim thiab kev sim rau menyuam yaus

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:40

Raws li menyuam yaus loj hlob tuaj, muaj lub sijhawm uas cov tsheb thiab cov menyuam roj hmab yuav tsis txaus siab rau lawv. Hauv qhov no, nws yog lub sijhawm los ua kev sib koom ua ke. Kev sim yooj yim hauv tsev rau cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua tiav nrog cov khoom siv tsawg kawg nkaus, thiab qhov tshwm sim zoo heev txhua lub sijhawm. Txhua yam uas yug hauv koj lub raj sim yog qhov txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Tau kawg, txhua zaus qhov no yuav tsum tau npaj siab rau cov niam txiv, vim hais tias rau cov menyuam yaus nws yog koj tus uas yuav yog tus paub txog kev paub txog lub ntiaj teb kev tshawb pom zoo. Hnub no peb yuav ua kom koj txoj hauj lwm yooj yim dua. Peb kawm ua kev sim rau cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev thiab ua lub txhab nyiaj piggy tus kheej. Rau koj - xaiv kev lom zem thiab kev kawm sim. Lawv yuav pab nrhiav cov lus teb rau ntau tus menyuam yaus "vim li cas" thiab txhawb kev txaus siab rau kev tshawb fawb, nrog rau thoob ntiaj teb ib puag ncig.

txoj cai nyab xeeb

Txawm tias qhov kev sim rau cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev tau ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm niam txiv, koj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov no duatsim nyog. Qhov chaw ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau npog nrog ntawv lossis ntaub. Thaum lub sij hawm sim, ib tug yuav tsum tsis txhob lean ze rau cov khoom thiaj li tsis txhob raug mob ntawm lub qhov muag lossis tawv nqaij. Hnav hnab looj tes thaum tuav cov tshuaj (xws li xab npum thiab tshuaj ntxuav tes).

Chemistry hauv koj lub tsev

Zoo rau lub hnub nyoog kawm ntawv, tus menyuam sawv los nrog kev txaus siab tsis txaus ntseeg hauv kev tshawb fawb. Tau kawg, tsis muaj leej twg txhawb kom koj muab nws cov kua qaub thiab alkali hauv nws txhais tes. Nws yuav paub txog tej yam tseem ceeb hauv tsev kawm ntawv, hauv kev kawm chemistry. Hauv tsev, kev sim rau cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem ua tiav siv cov khoom muaj thiab nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev sim ua tau zoo tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo rau tus menyuam.

Kev nthuav dav heev. Nws tsis yog qhov nyuaj los tuav nws hauv tsev rau cov menyuam yaus, thiab lawv yuav tau txais kev tshoov siab rau tag nrho lawv lub neej. Koj yuav tsum npaj cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

• Chenille hlau.
• xov.
• iav hub.
• Bura (muag hauv ib lub tsev muag tshuaj thiab pheej yig heev).
• xov.
• Nyob zoo ib tsoom phooj ywg.
• Xim xim.
• txiav.

Ua ntej tshaj, koj yuav tsum ua daim ntawv hauv paus. Ua li no, txiav daim hlau ntawm tib qhov ntev. Twist lawv ua ke los tsim ib hexagonal snowflake zoo li. Koj yuav tsum tau txais cov duab ntawm tsab ntawv Z. Tam sim no hla cov duab los ntawm lub caj dab ntawm lub hub. Nws yuav tsum dhau mus dawb thiab tsis txhob kov cov phab ntsa.

Tia ib txoj hlua rau ib txhais caj npab ntawm koj cov paj daus. Khi lwm kawg rau ib tug cwj mem. Nws yuav pw saum lub txhab nyiaj. Ntevcov xov yuav tsum tau hloov kho kom cov snowflake tsis kov hauv qab. Tam sim no sau lub hub nrog boiling dej. Ntxiv ib tablespoon ntawm borax, nplawm kom txog thaum yaj tag. Nws yuav siv li peb diav no. Nws zoo yog tias me ntsis sediment ntog tawm. Tam sim no peb tawm hauv lub thawv rau hmo ntuj, thiab thaum sawv ntxov peb qhuas cov paj daus. Cov khoom siv npaj ua "Young Chemist" kuj feem ntau suav nrog cov tshuaj reagents rau kev sim xws li, tab sis lawv cov nqi ntau dua li lub tsev muag tshuaj borax.

Educational effect

Koj puas xav pom qhov pom koj tus menyuam qhov kev puas tsuaj uas Coca-Cola tuaj yeem ua rau nws lub cev sib npaug nrog kev ua si? Tom qab ntawd ua qhov kev sim yooj yim no. Nws yuav qhia meej tias qhov no tsis yog tag nrho cov kua uas lub cev xav tau. Koj yuav xav tau ib lub raj mis ntawm cola thiab ib liter ntawm mis nyuj. Peb ncuav peb feem ntawm cov dej haus thiab ntxiv mis nyuj rau lub raj mis. Qhov ntawd yog tag nrho, qhov kev npaj ua tiav, nws tseem yuav tos kom tau txais txiaj ntsig.

Brown flakes yuav pib tshwm nyob rau hauv qhov sib tov sai sai. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tus kheej yuav ci ntsa iab. Thaum cov flakes nyob, tag nrho cov kua ua pob tshab. Qhov tseeb yog tias cola muaj ntau phosphoric acid. Nws sib tov nrog cov mis nyuj protein thiab tsim ib qho precipitate. Qhia koj tus menyuam tias yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim hauv nws lub plab thaum nws haus cov porridge nrog cov dej haus niaj hnub.

Pharaoh nab

qhov kev paub no nrov heev rau cov menyuam yaus, yog li koj yuav tsum ua hauv tsev. Ntxiv dua thiab, yog tias koj tab tom yuav cov khoom siv Young Chemist npaj, yuav muaj feem yuav suav nrog thiab. Yog li tsis txhob maj mus rau lub khw, txhua yam yog ua tauua koj tus kheej. Rau qhov kev sim koj yuav xav tau:

• Hydrogen peroxide - 6% tov.
• Ntsuab poov xab.
• xab npum kua los yog tshuaj ntxuav tais diav.
• xim zaub mov - 5 tee.
• dej sov - 2 tablespoons
• Liter yas lub raj mis, funnel, phaj thiab tais.

Qhov siab dua ntawm peroxide, qhov zoo dua. Tab sis kev daws teeb meem muaj zog dua 6% ua rau muaj kev phom sij, yog li nres ntawm daim duab no. Yog li, txhua yam yog npaj txhij thiab koj tuaj yeem mus ua haujlwm. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, sib tov cov poov xab thiab dej thiab cia sawv ntsug rau ob feeb. Thiab ces peb ua. Ncuav cov peroxide los ntawm lub funnel rau hauv lub raj mis, ntxiv ib me ntsis zas xim thiab ib diav ntawm cov kua xab npum. Co zoo. Tam sim no maj mam ncuav cov poov xab thiab tam sim ntawd nqis ib sab. Cov nyhuv tsuas yog gorgeous, ua npuas ncauj yog xaiv sai sai, nrog ib tug tuab hnyuv ntxwm. Khaws qhov sib npaug yog tias koj ua qhov kev paub no hauv tsev. Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 xyoo, nws yuav dhau los ua qhov tsis nco qab, tab sis yog tias koj nce tus lej, koj yuav tsum tau sau ua npuas ncauj los ntawm lub qab nthab.

ice ice

Cov ntsiab lus tsis sib xws, tab sis tsuas yog thaum xub thawj siab ib muag. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom tau txais sodium acetate tsis muaj dab tsi ntau tshaj li qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov dej qab zib thiab vinegar. Txhawm rau ua qhov kev sim, peb xav tau:

• Pack of soda (200 g).
• S alt.
• Vinegar - 200 ml.
• kub boiled dej (iav).
• Paj thiab hub.

Ncuav vinegar rau hauv lub lauj kaub thiab ntxiv dej qab zib. Yuav muaj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog kev tso tawm npuas. Tom qab nws nres, muab lub lauj kaub rau ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiabevaporate tshaj noo noo kom txog thaum dawb crystals tshwm. Cia txias kom txog thaum lub crust tshwm, ces dilute nrog dej kub. Lub crust dissolves thiab cov tshuaj ua homogeneous.

Muab cov tshuaj tso rau hauv ib lub thawv thiab txias rau chav tsev kub. Tam sim no ntxiv ntsev. Cov tshuaj tam sim ntawd pib crystallize, tab sis cov dej khov uas tshwm sim tsis txias kiag li. Qhov no yog ib qho yooj yim chemistry sim. Hauv tsev rau menyuam yaus, nws tuaj yeem tuav tau los ntawm leej niam leej txiv. Cov txiv neej nyiam saib cov me nyuam yug me nyuam.

Malachite qe

Kev sim siv sijhawm, yog li ua siab ntev. Tab sis zoo li txhua yam kev lom zem rau cov menyuam yaus, nws muab sijhawm rau koj pom cov kev hloov pauv thiab tau txais qee yam tshwj xeeb. Malachite qe yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm calcium carbonate thiab tooj liab sulfate. Qhov tshwm sim yog ib qho khoom plig uas tuaj yeem muab tso rau ntawm lub txee lossis muab rau cov phooj ywg. Koj yuav tau tos txog ib hlis kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig.

Kev ua noj koj yuav xav tau:

• Egg.
• iav hub.
• YPlasticine.
• tooj liab vitriol.
• dej.

Kuj, khaws cov hnab looj tes pov tseg. Ua ntej peb yuav tsum tau tshem ntawm cov ntsiab lus ntawm lub qe. Ua li no, ua tib zoo ua qhov ntawm ob sab thiab tshuab cov protein thiab yolk los ntawm lawv. Xav tias dawb rau qhov loj ntawm lub qhov, koj tseem yuav tau tso plasticine rau hauv. Nws yuav siv sij hawm me ntsis, rau ballast.

Tam sim no ncuav 0.5 liv dej rau hauv ib lub hub thiab ntxiv ib tablespoon ntawm xiav vitriol. Peb muab lub qe tso rau hauv kev daws. Yog hais tias nws pops, cesntxiv ib co plasticine ntxiv rau hauv. OK nws tag nrho tam sim no. Ua siab ntev thiab saib thaum lub qe pib npuas. Tom qab ntawd nws maj mam tig xiav-ntsuab. Thiab thaum kawg, tom qab txog ib hlis, lub plhaub tau txais cov xim malachite qub. Ntawd yog, tooj liab carbonate, tseem hu ua malachite, tau tsim. Txhua tus tuaj yeem ua qhov kev sim tshuaj lom neeg yooj yim rau cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev, thiab nws yuav muaj kev xyiv fab npaum li cas.

teeb tsheb

Nov yog ib qho kev sim tshuaj reagent uas koj tuaj yeem ua tom tsev. Tsis txhob hnov qab txog kev nyab xeeb. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, koj yuav tsum tau nrog ib tug muaj zog alkali thiab ib tug tsis tu ncua zas xim. Nco ntsoov siv cov hnab looj tes pov tseg. Qhov kev paub yog qhov nyuaj me ntsis, yuav tsum tau npaj. Yog li, koj yuav xav tau cov khoom xyaw hauv qab no:

• Indigo carmine. Lub sij hawm yog qhov nyuaj heev, tab sis nws yog cov khoom noj muaj npe nrov uas yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov dej qab zib, pastries thiab lwm yam khoom qab zib kom lawv muaj xim xiav. Nws tseem tau sau npe ua cov khoom noj ntxiv E132.
• Glucose yuav tom lub tsev muag tshuaj.
• Caustic soda yog muag hauv khw muag khoom kho vajtse.
• dej kub.
• iav hlab - 2 pcs

txheej txheem ntawm kev ua

Ua ntej, koj yuav tsum tau yaj 4 ntsiav tshuaj qabzib hauv ib lub nkoj. Tsuas yog me ntsis dej kom yaj cov ntsiav tshuaj. Dilute lub caustic soda nrog dej, koj xav tau txog 10 mg. Ntxiv rau thawj lub nkoj. Nws hloov tawm ib qho alkaline daws ntawm qabzib. Ib feem ntawm txoj haujlwm tau ua tiav. Hauv lub nkoj thib ob peb yaj indigo carmine hauv dej. Peb tauxiav solution.

Tam sim no nws yog lub sijhawm ua khawv koob. Ncuav ib qho alkaline kua qabzib rau hauv cov tshuaj xiav. Cov kua tam sim hloov ntsuab. Qhov no yog ua tau los ntawm oxidation ntawm oxygen. Thiab tam sim no peb tab tom tos. Maj mam cov tshuaj hloov xim liab thiab tom qab ntawd daj. Miracles, thiab tsis muaj dab tsi ntxiv. Tab sis tsis yog tag nrho. Peb co lub nkoj sharply, thiab cov kua yog ntsuab dua, raws li nws yog saturated nrog oxygen. Thiab yog li ntawd, kom txog thaum koj dhuav. Kev lom zem kev sim rau cov menyuam yaus tso cai rau koj kawm cov hauv paus ntawm chemistry thaum nyob hauv tsev. Yog, thiab nco ntsoov zoo dua tus kws qhia ntawv.

paj noob hlis

Koj yuav tsum tau npaj rau qhov kev sim ua ntej, zais ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Me ntsis tom qab koj tuaj yeem qhia tag nrho cov keeb kwm yav dhau, ces lawv yuav ua rau lawv cov phooj ywg xav tsis thoob hauv lub vaj. Koj yuav tsum tsim cov paj lawv tus kheej tawm ntawm daim ntawv thiab toothpicks. Hauv txoj ntsiab cai, nws tsis tseem ceeb npaum li cas lawv saib. Koj tuaj yeem txiav cov ntawv, quav cov ntawv rau hauv ib lub ces kaum thiab sib sau ua ke nrog rab phom kua nplaum. Los yog tsuas yog dov thiab ruaj ntseg nrog tus pas txhuam hniav. Cov paj tiav lawm yuav tsum tau soaked nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws ntawm phenolphthalein thiab qhuav. Thiab nug lub tsev muag tshuaj kom purgen yog tias tus kws muag tshuaj tsis nkag siab tias nws yog dab tsi.

Tam sim no koj yuav tsum npaj ob txoj kev daws teeb meem. Thawj yog 9% vinegar. Qhov thib ob yog kev daws ntawm sodium hydroxide, los yog caustic soda. Raws li qhov chaw kawg, sim baking soda. Tam sim no cia peb mus rau cov khawv koob. Txau lub paj nrog kev daws ntawm dej qab zib. Nws ua liab liab. Zoo nkauj heev. Thiab tam sim no peb coj ib tug tshuaj tsuag ntawm vinegar - thiab lub paj yog dawb dua. Cov no yog txuj ci tseem ceeb.

Ib yam zoo sib xws tuaj yeem siv los ua kom pom tsis pomtus cwj mem. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, tsuas yog sau cov lus nrog kev daws teeb meem ntawm phenolphthalein. Thiab thaum lawv qhuav, koj tuaj yeem rov ua dua qhov kev paub.

Nyob zoo ib tsoom niam txiv kwv tij phooj ywg sawv daws

Kev zoo nkauj heev tsim nyog ua hauv tsev. Nws nyob rau hauv qhov tseeb hais tias sib xyaw reagents nce nyob rau hauv ntim. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev kub hnyiab, lawv hloov pauv thiab tig mus rau hauv ib qho amazing pawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha - nab. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj, tsis tas yuav yuav cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb rau kev sim thiab kev sim rau cov menyuam yaus. Yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom siv no suav nrog cov khoom xyaw ua nab. Tab sis koj kuj muaj lawv nyob hauv tsev.

Koj yuav xav tau:

• Sand.
• Ethyl cawv.
• Powdered qab zib.
• Baking soda.

Muab xuab zeb tso rau hauv lub tais thiab yaug nrog cawv. Tom qab ntawd, peb tsim ib tug swb thiab ua ib tug recess. Peb sib tov ib tug me me diav ntawm qab zib nrog ib tug pinch ntawm dej qab zib thiab tsaug zog nyob rau hauv lub crater. Peb tua hluav taws rau lub roob hluav taws. Tom qab dej cawv kub hnyiab tawm, cov xuab zeb tig dub thiab ib daim ntawv nab writhing. Yooj yim heev thiab siv tau.

Sib ntaus nrog hlau shavings

Ntawm no, tsis muaj leej twg yuav muab pov rau ib leeg. Cia peb nco ntsoov tias nws nyiam ua si nrog cov hlau nplaum. Muab cov me nyuam ntawv clips, carnations. Thiab lawv yuav zaum rau ntau teev, magnetizing khoom. Vim li cas ho tsis ua kom qhov kev ua si no nthuav ntau dua? Kev sim nrog cov hlau nplaum rau cov menyuam yaus yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Lawv yuav muab lub tswv yim ntawm ntau qhov tshwm sim hauv peb lub ntiaj teb. Tom qab tag nrho, lub hnub thiab lub ntiaj teb kuj yog hlau nplaum.

Thiab tam sim no mus rau qhov kev sim. Ntawm no koj tuaj yeem xav txog ntau yam. Siv ob qhov sib txawvlub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum thiab pom tias muaj pes tsawg yam khoom ib lossis lwm qhov tuaj yeem nyiam. Ntxiv ib qho thaiv nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daim ntawv, cardboard, yas, ntoo. Txiav txim siab qhov chaw uas lub zog ntawm cov hlau nplaum qhuav. Thiab thaum kawg, tsuas yog nqa ib daim ntawv ntawm cov duab los qhia, ncuav ib txhais tes ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hlau rau ntawm nws thiab nqa ob lub hlau nplaum los ntawm hauv qab. Thiab tam sim no, ntawm daim duab los qhia, ib pab tub rog ntawm cov tub rog sawv, npaj tawm tsam.

Snow thwmsim rau me nyuam

Lub caij ntuj no yog lub sijhawm zoo thaum nws tuaj yeem tsim txoj cai ntawm txoj kev. Thiab xwm tau npaj cov khoom siv rau qhov no. Daus-dawb daus - yog vim li cas tsis yog ib tug painting canvas? Nqa ib co tshuaj tsuag lub raj mis, ntim cov dej dyeed, thiab tawm mus rau sab nrauv pleev xim.

Rau qhov kev lom zem thib ob koj yuav xav tau pwm. Lawv tuaj yeem sib txawv ntawm lawv tus kheej, uas yog txaus xav. Ncuav dej xim nrog cov xim dej rau hauv lawv thiab khov. Thiab yog tias koj khov lub ribbon, koj tau txais cov khoom zoo nkauj rau cov ntoo hauv lub vaj. Cov qhov cub zoo tib yam tuaj yeem nteg ib txoj hauv kev lossis tsim lub fortress ntau xim.

Npaj npuas yog qhov uas txhua tus menyuam nyiam. Leej twg tsis tau tshuab lawv los ntawm ib tug straw? Kev sim nrog daus rau cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau sawv sab nraud ntawm qhov kub tsis siab tshaj -10 0 C, tab sis qhov txiaj ntsig tsim nyog. Koj tuaj yeem saib cov xab npum npuas khov. Koj xav tau cov tshuaj soapy muaj zog nrog glycerin. Cov npuas yuav pib khov sai li sai tau thaum nws los rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog cov daus los yog huab cua khov. Thiab cov qauv zoo nkauj yuav tshwm sim ntawm nws qhov chaw. Tau kawg, txoj haujlwm zoo li no yuav tsum tau saib xyuas zoo. Thawjlub npuas yuav tawg.

Siv qhov xaus

Koj puas xav kom koj tus menyuam nco txog hnub so tom ntej ntau dua li lwm yam? Tom qab ntawd sau ib lub tuam txhab ntawm cov menyuam yaus thiab caw lawv mus ua si cov kws tshawb fawb tiag tiag. Muab tag nrho lub kaus mom lossis robes, koj tuaj yeem ua ob qho tib si. Tau txais txhua yam koj xav tau rau kev sim ua ntej. Thiab qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, cia txhua tus npaj yam tsawg kawg yog qee yam ntawm lawv tus kheej. Qhov no yuav dhau los ua qhov kev paub tsis muaj nuj nqis, yuav tso cai rau koj nkag mus rau hauv qhov tsis paub thiab nthuav cov ciam teb ntawm cov paub. Xws li hnub so yuav ua rau muaj kev vam meej hauv kev txaus siab rau kev kawm thiab kev tshawb fawb. Txhua yam nyob hauv koj txhais tes, txhawb thiab pab. Thiab koj tuaj yeem khaws ntau tshaj li kaum ob qhov kev sim, yog li yog tias tus menyuam nug ntau dua los ua si nrog nws, tsis txhob tsis kam. Me nyuam yaus tab tom sai sai, tag kis nws yuav tsis ntseeg tej txuj ci tseem ceeb.