Kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv 1 pawg junior ntawm kindergarten: kev npaj, cov ntawv, cov xwm txheej thiab cov haujlwm

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:27

Pab pawg kws qhia ntawv hauv qib kindergarten, txhawm rau ua tiav lawv lub hom phiaj kev kawm, yuav tsum siv hauv lawv txoj haujlwm kev xav txog kev sib koom ua ke ntawm ob hom kev ua si ntawm menyuam yaus. Ib tug ntawm lawv yog sib koom ua ke. Nws koom nrog kev sib tham ntawm txhua tus menyuam nrog tus kws qhia ntawv thiab nrog lawv cov phooj ywg. Qhov thib ob hom kev ua si yog ywj siab. Qhov kev taw qhia no xav kom tus kws qhia ntawv ua tib zoo saib xyuas nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Tus neeg laus nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no plays lub luag hauj lwm ntawm ib tug soj ntsuam. Nws tsis yog ib tug neeg ua si lawm. Thiab qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev xav zoo ntawm tus kws tshaj lij ntawm cov txheej txheem kev ua tiav ntawm txhua kauj ruam. Qhov no yog qhov tseeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum nws los txog rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv 1 pawg junior, uas yog, thaum muaj hnub nyoog 1.5 txog 3 xyoos.

Definition of concept

Raws li kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv kindergarten peb nkag siab txog cov haujlwm ntawdqhia cov menyuam kom ua tiav cov haujlwm uas cov neeg laus tsim los lossis kev kawm, yam tsis muaj kev pabcuam sab nraud.

Ntawm no, tus kws qhia ntawv tsis koom nrog nws tus kheej, tsuas yog coj tus menyuam xwb.

Kev faib tawm

Muaj plaub hom kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Ntawm lawv:

1. Games. Hom DM no, raws li kev xav thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm cov hnub nyoog yau, yog qhov xav tau tshaj plaws. Nws suav nrog kev paub txog kev txawj ntse xws li kev muaj peev xwm los nrhiav qhov chaw rau cov kev sib tw yooj yim tshaj plaws, hloov xim thaum ua haujlwm nrog mosaic, nrhiav kev siv cov khoom ua si (lub spinning sab saum toj spinning, lub tsheb tsav), thiab lwm yam.
2. Motiv. Xws li cov chav kawm ntawm lub koom haum ntawm kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv pawg 1st junior yog txuam nrog kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Cov menyuam kawm ntawv tau txais lub pob, ntaus nws, thiab tom qab ntawd coj mus rau hauv tus khub txhais tes, nrog rau kev khiav ncig obstacles, thiab lwm yam.
3. tsim khoom. Hom kev ywj pheej no ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv lub vaj, tuaj koom thawj pawg junior, hais txog kev daws cov haujlwm hauv tsev uas ua tau rau cov menyuam yaus. Qhov no suav nrog, piv txwv li, kev txhim kho kev nyiam huv. Nws tuaj yeem ntxuav tus kheej ntawm tes lossis taw, thiab lwm yam. Cov kev txawj no kuj suav nrog kev muaj peev xwm siv cutlery kom zoo, hnav khaub ncaws ntawm lub sijhawm thaum cov phooj ywg cuam tshuam nrog kev ua qhov no, thiab lwm yam. Ib daim ntawv tsim tawm ntawm kev ywj pheej rau cov menyuam yaus hauv pawg 1st junior yog kev txhim kho cov txuj ci tseem ceeb tshaj plaws. Nws tuaj yeem yog kev txawjtuav txhuam los yog xaum kom raug, pleev xim rau qhov xav tau ntawm daim duab, thiab lwm yam.
4. Kev tshawb fawb. Xws li kev ua haujlwm yog tsom rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev paub txog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab nws txoj kev tshawb nrhiav. Ib qho piv txwv ntawm qhov no yog tig los ntawm phau ntawv hauv ib pab pawg kom pom cov duab zoo.

Kev ua haujlwm

Tsoomfwv cov qauv kev kawm tsis suav txog kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas yog ib cheeb tsam ntawm kev kawm. GEF them nyiaj tshwj xeeb rau kev sib koom ua haujlwm ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv nrog lawv cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Txawm li cas los xij, lub hom phiaj rau txhua qhov kev txhim kho kev paub (lub cev, kev txawj ntse, kev kos duab thiab zoo nkauj, kev sib raug zoo thiab kev sib txuas lus) yog txhawb kom cov me nyuam xaiv txoj hauv kev ywj pheej, nrog rau lawv txoj kev siv.

Nyob hauv lub neej niaj hnub no, muaj kev xav tau rau cov tib neeg uas muaj kev tshawb nrhiav kev xav, muaj peev xwm tsim cov lus nug uas muaj teeb meem, thiab tom qab ntawd txiav txim siab cov txheej txheem rau kev tshem tawm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus cwj pwm muaj tswv yim zoo kuj tau txais tos, qhia txog kev muaj peev xwm tsis txwv los ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm kev sib raug zoo stereotypes thiab cov qauv. Nws pab nrhiav txoj hauv kev mus rau qhov kev tshawb pom tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.

Yog li, kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv 1 pawg junior yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau txoj kev kawm. Cov hauj lwm zoo li no yuav tso cai rau kev qhia txog tus cwj pwm zoo. Rau lub koom haum tsim nyog ntawm xws li ib tug pastime rau cov me nyuam los ntawmTus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum tsim kom muaj kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb:

• faib lub sijhawm zoo rau cov chav kawm;
• tsim chaw thiab qhov chaw zoo rau menyuam yaus ua haujlwm;
• cov khoom sib cais haum rau ntau hom kev ua haujlwm ywj pheej;
• xaiv qhov kev pom zoo ntawm cov khoom siv ua si hauv pab pawg.

Dhau li ntawm qhov no, kev tsim cov xwm txheej rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus kuj tseem cuam tshuam kev sib txuas lus ntawm tus kheej ntawm tus kws qhia thiab tus menyuam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus neeg laus yuav tsum xaiv ib txoj hauv kev los cuam tshuam tus menyuam, uas yuav ua raws li tus yam ntxwv ntawm nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus kuj yog lub koom haum ntawm kev tswj hwm cov chav kawm preschooler. Ib qho ntawm cov haujlwm tseem ceeb uas ntsib tus kws tshaj lij yog ua kom tus menyuam nyob twj ywm thiab sib npaug. Yog li ntawd, txhawm rau ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, cov tub ntxhais kawm yuav tsum tau muab cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb uas yuav ua rau lawv muaj kev cuam tshuam tag nrho lawv cov kev xav thiab kev paub dhau los.

Lub koom haum ntawm qhov chaw ntawm kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm

Nyob hauv kev tsim kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb raug muab rau qhov chaw kawm-spatial. Nws suav nrog txhua yam uas nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam thiab uas nws muaj kev nkag mus tas li. Nyob rau hauv ib qho kev kawm-spatial ib puag ncig, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau muab lub sijhawm los so thaum ua si. Ntawm no, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum txaus siab rau lawv txoj kev paubxav tau kev sim thiab soj ntsuam.

Thaum npaj cov dej num ywj pheej rau cov menyuam yaus, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj cov chaw ua si rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas muaj kev sib txawv. Cov no yuav suav nrog:

1. Information and Research Center. Hauv cheeb tsam no rau cov menyuam yaus, kev sim kev cob qhia, chav kuaj me me, nrog rau ntau qhov chaw thematic ("Lub Hnub nyoog ntawm Dinosaurs", "Space Station") tuaj yeem nruab.
2. Game zone. Nyob rau hauv ib feem ntawm chav tsev yuav tsum muaj cov khoom ua si, nrog rau cov ris tsho ua si ("Khw", "Tsev Kho Mob", "Kub", thiab lwm yam). Lub chaw txhim kho kuj tuaj yeem nruab ntawm no. Nws raug nquahu kom nruab racks nrog puzzles thiab didactic games ntawm nws thaj chaw.
3. Khob ces kaum. Cov cuab yeej siv lub cev yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv thaj chaw no ntawm chav ua si.
4. Ecological ces kaum. Thaum faib ib cheeb tsam, ib lub vaj me me, lub vaj lub caij ntuj no, thiab lwm yam yuav tsum muab tso rau hauv.
5. Zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Nws yog lub kaum tsev ua yeeb yam (costumes thiab lub qhov ncauj qhov ntswg ntawm ntau yam cim rau cov menyuam yaus, scenery uas tso cai rau koj mus rau theem fairy tales), qhov chaw rau kev tsim muaj tswv yim (yuav tsum muaj cov khoom siv kos duab, qauv, ntawv tsim, thiab lwm yam), lub suab paj nruag kob. nrog rau kev sau los ntawm ntau lub suab kaw nrog cov nkauj hnub so, suab nrov thiab ntau dua.
6. Zoo siab. Nws suav nrog lub ces kaum so, chav ua khawv koob (tsev pheeb suab ntaub, tsev pheeb suab ntaub, rooj zaum rau kev sib txuas lus ntsiag to). Lub xub ntiag ntawm ib cheeb tsam no yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom tswj tau lub hlwb kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus me nyuam. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus hauv ib pab pawg los tsim cov xwm txheej kom lawv tuaj yeem so, so haujlwm, npau suav thiab rov zoo.

Txoj kev npaj rau kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus, raws li Tsoom Fwv Teb Chaws Kev Kawm Txuj Ci, yuav tsum suav nrog kev ua si nquag thaum taug kev. Qhov chaw rau lawv kuj yuav tsum tau teeb tsa los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv. Rau kev ua si ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus, tus kws ua zaub mov lossis kws kho mob lub ces kaum tuaj yeem nruab. Nyob rau lub caij ntuj no, ntawm qhov chaw, cov me nyuam yuav tsum nquag sculpt snowmen thiab tsim snow fortresses. Cov dej num no yuav pab txhim kho lawv txoj kev muaj tswv yim thiab kev txawj tsav tsheb.

Main Tasks

Kev ywj pheej nkag siab tias yog tus kheej zoo ntawm tus neeg, uas txhais tau tias muaj kev ywj pheej, kev pib thiab kev ntsuas txaus ntawm ib tus ua. Qhov no suav nrog kev lav ris rau koj qhov kev ua.

Yog vim li cas lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov menyuam yaus txoj haujlwm ywj pheej yog:

1. Tsim kom muaj lub siab nyiam ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Lawv dag nyob rau hauv kev puas siab puas ntsws tsis kam ntawm tus me nyuam rau kev cuam tshuam ntawm lwm yam, xws li lub suab ntawm cov me nyuam, suab nrov ntawm txoj kev, thiab lwm yam kev xav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws tseem ceeb heev rau tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum qhia cov menyuam yaus kom coj cov haujlwm uas lawv tau pib ua tiav.
2. Txhim kho cov txheej txheem tswj tus kheej. Qhov no suav nrog lub peev xwm los xam koj tus kheej lub zog, uas yuav tsum tau ua kom tiav cov phiaj xwm phiaj xwm. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus menyuam kom pib hnov nws lub cev, txiav txim siab lub sijhawm thaum nws xav tauso lossis hloov kev ua si.
3. Tsim kom muaj peev xwm ntawm nws tus kheej tsim cov phiaj xwm kev ua si, kev tshawb fawb, kev soj ntsuam thiab kev ua haujlwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus menyuam yuav tsum siv zog ua kom tiav nws txoj kev npaj yam tsis muaj kev pab los ntawm cov neeg laus.

Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv 1 pawg junior yog los txhim kho lawv cov kev txawj:

• ntxuav koj lub ntsej muag thiab txhais tes thiab qhuav tom qab;
• noj ntawm lawv tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev pab ntawm cov neeg laus;
• hnav thiab hnav khaub ncaws, thiab quav khoom nrog kev pab tsawg los ntawm cov neeg zov me nyuam;
• share khoom kos duab, khoom ua si, thiab lwm yam nrog koj cov phooj ywg;
• kev sib koom ua si thiab tus kheej.

Txheej Txheem Txheej Txheem

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum ua txhua yam ua tau kom nws cov menyuam kawm tau, los ntawm kev sib txuas lawv txoj kev xav thiab kev txawj ntse, nyob hauv lawv tus kheej hauv kindergarten hauv lawv lub sijhawm dawb. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom ua tiav qee qhov kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus ntawm pawg 1st junior thaum lub sijhawm kev kawm. Qhov teeb meem no tuaj yeem daws tau los ntawm kev siv txoj kev pom ncaj qha. Yog li, ib qho kev ua uas yog tsom kom tau txais cov txiaj ntsig tshwj xeeb yuav nthuav thiab ua tau zoo tshaj plaws.

Piv txwv li, nws tuaj yeem ua cov khoom siv tes ua yooj yim, ua haujlwm yooj yim tshaj plaws, koom nrog kev ua kis las. Tom qab paub txog cov algorithm ntawm qee qhov kev ua, nrog rau txoj hauv kev los siv lawv, cov menyuam yuav pib hloov cov ntaub ntawv ua haujlwm nrog tus kws qhia mus rauKev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kheej.

Planning

Tus kws qhia ntawv npaj ntau yam kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv lub sijhawm rhiab ntawm qib kindergarten, uas yog:

• thaum noj cov menyuam thaum sawv ntxov - kev ua si ntsiag to thiab kev sib txuas lus ntawm kev txaus siab;
• ua ntej noj su - games;
• thaum npaj taug kev thiab thaum rov qab los - kev pabcuam tus kheej;
• ua ntej noj mov, nrog rau ua ntej thiab tom qab lub sijhawm ntsiag to - cov txheej txheem huv;
• thaum sawv ntxov thiab yav tsaus ntuj taug kev - kev ua si ywj pheej thiab kev soj ntsuam ntawm cov khoom ntuj;
• yav tav su - kev sib raug zoo, siv sijhawm so, tsim khoom siv tes ua thiab kos duab.

Kev mob siab

Thaum npaj kev ywj pheej rau cov menyuam yaus, tus kws qhia yuav tsum tau txais kev txaus siab thiab ci ntsa iab rau nws cov menyuam kawm.

Txoj kev tsim txiaj tshaj plaws rau cov menyuam yaus yog kev ua si uas ua ke nrog kev pom. Cov tswv yim zoo li no tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb rau DM, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev cob qhia kev nyiam huv.

duab kev kawm

Koj tuaj yeem siv cov txheej txheem no, piv txwv li, qhia cov menyuam yaus ntxuav lawv tus kheej. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum qhia lawv cov duab zoo li no, zoo li "Niam ntxuav nws tus ntxhais." Saib ntawm nws, cov menyuam kawm siv xab npum, ntxuav nws, thiab mam li nqa lawv tus kheej phuam. Nws raug nquahu kom pom cov duab zoo sib xws rau cov menyuam yaus hauv chav tsev xauv khoom. Qhov no yuav ua rau cov me nyuam tsis to taub txog dab tsi hnav rau dab tsi. Cov lus qhia zoo sib xws tuaj yeem pom hauv cov khoom xauv. Nrog lawv pab, cov me nyuam kawm tau dab tsintawm qhov rooj dab tsi lawv yuav tsum dag.

Games

Cov txheej txheem no yog siv feem ntau thaum npaj kev ywj pheej rau menyuam yaus. Thiab ua kom cov kev ua si nthuav dav thiab paub meej yuav ua rau cov menyuam yaus tau txais ntau yam kev xav. Yuav kom ua tau li no, tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum ua qhov kev mus ncig ua si nrog cov menyuam yaus. Piv txwv li, cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws ua zaub mov hauv chav ua noj, tus kws kho mob hauv chaw kho mob, thiab lwm yam. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum tsom ntsoov rau cov menyuam yaus ntawm cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb. Yog nws ua li no, nws yuav pab lawv kawm qhov lawv pom.

Los ntawm kev tsom mus rau qee cov ntsiab lus, cov menyuam yaus pib nkag siab txog kev sib raug zoo uas muaj nyob nruab nrab ntawm kev ua. Tau txais cov kev xav zoo li no muab cov khoom siv rau menyuam yaus rau kev ua si tshiab. Lawv zaj dab neeg yuav qhia txog nws txoj kev paub txog lub ntiaj teb ib puag ncig nws.

Tus kws qhia ntawv raug pom zoo kom txhawb nqa cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov kev ua si. Qee qhov kev ua yeeb yam yuav pab ua qhov no, uas qhia cov menyuam yaus rau cov qauv kev coj cwj pwm uas tau txais hauv zej zog.

Piv txwv li, thaum cob qhia kev txawj tuav rab diav ntawm tes thiab nqa mus rau hauv lub qhov ncauj kom cov ntsiab lus tsis tas rau ntawm lub rooj, tus kws qhia tau pom zoo kom siv ib qho kev ua si hu ua "Pub lub Dais nrog porridge." Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum "paub" lub raj mis yas los ntawm hauv qab dej, uas ua rau cov slits. Tus kws qhia ntawv muab cov me nyuam noj diav, sau cov nplej hauv nws thiab pub Mishka, uas tsis tuaj yeem noj ntawm nws tus kheej. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus menyuam yuav tsum ua qhov no yam tsis muaj zaub mov nchuav rau ntawm lub rooj. Yog li, kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo tau raug cob qhia thiab kawm los tswj lawvaction.

Lwm qhov kev ua si nthuav dav uas pab txhawb rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ywj pheej yog kev tawm dag zog "Cov khau ua phooj ywg / sib cav". Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus kws qhia ntawv muab cov me nyuam kos duab uas muaj ib tug duab ntawm contours ntawm ob nkawm khau - sab xis thiab sab laug. Tom qab ntawd, cov me nyuam tau muab cov qauv npaj ua. Lawv yuav tsum tau nteg tawm kom cov thom khwm raug coj mus rau hauv ib qho kev taw qhia thiab cov xim sib tw.

kev saib xyuas tus kheej

Cov menyuam yaus uas tuaj koom thawj pab pawg menyuam yaus hauv qib kindergarten tseem muaj cov kev txawj tsav tsheb tsis zoo, nrog rau kev sib koom tes ntawm kev txav. Tus kws qhia ntawv yuav tsum pab cov menyuam yaus ntau txoj hauv kev, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws yuav tsum muab sijhawm rau lawv los ua ib yam dab tsi ntawm lawv tus kheej. Ua raws li cov qauv kev nyiam huv thiab kev paub txog kab lis kev cai ntawm kev noj zaub mov yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau lub sijhawm tseem ceeb ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool. Ntawm lawv: tuav noj tshais, noj su thiab yav tav su tshuaj yej, hnav khaub ncaws thiab hnav khaub ncaws ua ntej thiab tom qab taug kev, thiab lwm yam.

Cov me nyuam txoj kev npaj ua haujlwm ywj pheej ib txwm muaj cov qauv uas suav nrog 4 ntu. Qhov no suav nrog:

• siv cov tswv yim txhawb zog - 5 min;
• ua haujlwm ntawm ib qho tshwj xeeb ntawm kev pabcuam tus kheej (ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm chav kawm) - 10 min;
• kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus (kev sib koom ua ke ntawm kev txawj ntse) - 8 min;
• ib nqe lus txhawb nqa los ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv (summing up) - 2 min.

Yuav qhia txog kev pabcuam tus kheej, tus neeg laus yuav tsum mus txog plaub theem nrog nws cov menyuam kawm ntawv. Ntawm lawv:

• piav qhia thiab ua qauv qhia;
• ua tiav ntawm txoj kev npajnrog me nyuam;
• cov menyuam yaus lawv tus kheej ua raws li kev hais lus los ntawm tus neeg laus;
• menyuam yaus ua txhua yam ntawm lawv tus kheej.

Kev sib tham

Hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv, nrog rau lwm cov tswv yim, qhov no kuj siv tau. Rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 1, 5-3 xyoos, kev sib tham yog qhov tshwj xeeb. Cov me nyuam zoo li no tseem xav tau kev tawm tswv yim txog txhua qhov kev ua ntawm cov neeg laus. Thaum tham, cov menyuam yaus ua kom cov txheej txheem ua cov ntaub ntawv tshiab. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev sib tham tso cai rau lawv kawm sai sai kom hais lus kom meej thiab raug.

saib xyuas

Nws raug nquahu kom tus kws qhia ntawv txheeb xyuas cov haujlwm ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv thawj pawg junior peb zaug hauv xyoo kawm ntawv.

Nws yog tuav thaum tus menyuam tuaj txog, nrog rau lub Kaum Ob Hlis-Lub Ib Hlis thiab Lub Tsib Hlis. Tsuas yog nyob rau hauv txoj kev no tuaj yeem kos lub hom phiaj cov ntsiab lus uas qhia txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev tsim kev ywj pheej ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Qhov kev tshuaj ntsuam no tseem yuav tso cai rau tus kws qhia ntawv qhia txog txoj hauv kev los tshem tawm qhov tsis txaus.

Txoj kev tsom xam yuav tsum tau tsim nrog kev koom tes ntawm pab pawg txheej txheem ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool. Hauv qhov no, qhov tshwj xeeb ntawm cov txheej txheem kev kawm uas tau ua nyob rau hauv kindergarten yuav tsum raug coj mus rau hauv tus account. Qhov tseeb yog tias, piv txwv li, pab pawg tawv tawv, kho qee yam mob, thiab lwm yam tuaj yeem txhim kho hauv nws.

Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas cov qhab nia muab rau txhua tus menyuam ib leeg. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ib tug tsib-point scale yog siv. Nws ua tau raws li cov hauv qab no:

• 5 - tus menyuam muaj peev xwm ntawm nws tus kheejtiv nrog txhua txoj haujlwm;
• 4 - tus neeg laus qee zaum yuav tsum rov ua qhov tsim nyog ntawm kev ua rau tus menyuam;
• 3 - tus me nyuam tuaj yeem tiv tau nws txoj haujlwm tsuas yog tom qab tus kws qhia ntawv rov ua raws li qhov xav tau ntawm lawv qhov kev siv;
• 2 - tus me nyuam ua tsis tau ib yam dab tsi ntawm nws tus kheej txawm tias tom qab tus kws qhia ntawv qhia txhua yam ua rau nws pem hauv ntej.