2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:27
Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20, cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb ua kev zoo siab rau lawv cov hnub so hauv Lavxias Federation. Lawv cov dej num yog tsom rau kev ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm peb lub xeev. Yooj yim hais, Lub Kaum Ob Hlis 20 yog Hnub FSB.
Yuav tsum tau sau ua ntej tias qhov no tsis yog lub npe zoo. Qhov tseeb yog tias Hnub ntawm FSB tus neeg ua haujlwm raug suav tias yog hnub so haujlwm rau lwm cov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb, piv txwv li, FSO thiab SVR.
Nws tseem tsim nyog sau cia tias hnub so zoo li no tau qhia tsis ntev dhau los. Qhov no tau tshwm sim hauv xyoo 1995, thaum Thawj Tswj Hwm Lavxias Boris Nikolayevich Yeltsin tau tshaj tawm tsab cai lij choj. Txawm li cas los xij, tib lub sijhawm, lub sijhawm ua ntej ntawm hnub so xws li FSB Hnub rov qab mus rau xyoo 1917. Tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv 1917, nyob rau nees nkaum lub Kaum Ob Hlis, lub SNK (Council of People's Commissars) tau tshaj tawm lwm txoj cai ntawm kev tsim Cheka (Tag nrho cov Lavxias teb sab Extraordinary Commission). Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev no yog kev tawm tsam tawm tsam kev tawm tsam thiab sabotage rog hauv cov tub ntxhais hluas USSR. Felix Edmundovich Dzerzhinsky tau los ua thawj tus thawj tswj hwm ntawm All-Lavxias teb sab Extraordinary Commission. Nws tseem tsim nyog nco qab tias cov neeg ua haujlwm ntawm Cheka tau hu ua Chekists. Raws li, txog 1995, FSB Hnub nyob rau hauv Russia yog hnub ntawm Chekist.
Tau kawg, nyob rau hnub ntawd All-Russian Emergency Commissionxav tau tsuas yog kom kis tau tus dictatorship ntawm lub proletariat. Muaj ntau lub tuam tsev, lub npe ntawm txhua tus uas hais rau nws tus kheej: lub tuam tsev tiv thaiv kev txawj ntse (nws suav nrog kev tawm hauv nroog, koom haum thiab tub rog sub-departments). Tom ntej no los txog lub tuam tsev tiv thaiv kev kwv yees, uas rov muaj ntau lub chaw haujlwm hauv qab no: kev tawm tsam kev lag luam, kev ua tsis ncaj ncees thiab kev tawm tsam. Delving rau hauv keeb kwm, nws yuav tsum tau muab sau tseg tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm Cheka tau tripled nyob rau hauv thawj xyoo ntawm lub commission muaj.
Lub sijhawm dhau los, Cheka tau hloov pauv, ua tiav txhua yam kev tsim kho tshiab, txawm tias hloov nws lub npe (NKVD, thiab tom qab KGB). Tab sis kom txog rau thaum 1995, Kaum Ob Hlis 20 yog Chekist Day. Thiab tsuas yog tom qab Yeltsin txoj kev txiav txim siab hnub so no tau hloov npe hu ua FSB Hnub.
Tam sim no, qhov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb ntawm FSB yog ib qho kev sib koom ua ke ntawm lub cev, lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev ruaj ntseg hauv xeev. Muaj ntau qhov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm FSB: kev tswj ciam teb, kev txawj ntse thiab kev tawm tsam, kev tawm tsam kev ua phem thiab kev ua phem, kev ruaj ntseg ntaub ntawv.
Los ntawm txoj kev, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias Hnub ntawm FSB hauv feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv raug sau npe ua hnub ntawm ib tus neeg ua haujlwm ntawm lub xeev cov chaw ruaj ntseg. Nws yog lub npe no uas qhia txog nws qhov tseem ceeb. Raws li tau hais los saum toj no, lub Kaum Ob Hlis Ntuj nees nkaum kuj yog hnub so rau qee qhov kev pabcuam tshwj xeeb ntawm Lavxias Federation. Nws tseem tsim nyog hais tias qhov no yogthiab hu ua daim ntawv kos npe los ntawm Yeltsin nyob rau hauv 1995: "Nyob rau hauv lub tsim ntawm lub hnub ntawm cov neeg ua hauj lwm ntawm lub koom haum kev ruaj ntseg ntawm Lavxias teb sab Federation." Txawm li cas los xij, cov neeg siv hu rau hnub so no tsis muaj lwm yam tshaj li FSB Hnub, uas, hauv paus ntsiab lus, tsis hloov nws lub ntsiab tseem ceeb hauv txhua txoj kev.
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