Wide Maslenitsa. Kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Shrovetide
Wide Maslenitsa. Kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Shrovetide
Anonim

Wide Shrovetide, Krivosheyka, Pancake, Obyedukha, Shrovetide Lub Limtiam - qhov no yog ib qho thiab tib hnub so, uas tau ua kev zoo siab yuav luag thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub caij so no yog kom paub qhov txawv ntawm lub caij ntuj no thiab caij nplooj ntoos hlav rau cov tib neeg thiab lub ntsiab lus ntawm Great Lent rau cov ntseeg. Tag nrho ib lub lim tiam, tib neeg taug kev, hu nkauj, caij sleighs, ci pancakes, mus rau ib leeg lub tsev thiab, thaum kawg ntawm lub Success, hlawv ib effigy.

Hnub so zoo li cas - Wide Maslenitsa?

Maslenitsa yog hnub so xya hnub ua kev zoo siab los ntawm Slavs ua ntej qiv. Nws tau txais nws lub npe vim tias lub sijhawm no koj tuaj yeem noj butter, khoom noj siv mis, ntses. Lub sijhawm no hauv lub Koom Txoos Orthodox tseem hu ua Cheese Week.

Hnub ntawm hnub so txawv tas li, tab sis nws ib txwm los ua ntej Lent, thaum lub caij ntuj no kawg. Yog li ntawd, ntawm cov neeg, cov hnub so no (Wide Shrovetide) cim lub farewell rau lub caij ntuj no thiab lub rooj sib tham ntawm lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov neeg ua scarecrows, npaj kev sib tw, ci pancakes. Ntawm cov squares lawv npaj ib qho kev ua yeeb yam nrog cov nkauj thiab seev cev, qhov twg txhua tus tuaj yeem koom nrog txhua qhov kev tshwm sim.

Shrovetide ua kev zoo siab rau 7 hnub. Cov no yog Kev Sib Tham, Flirting, Gourmand, Revelry, Niam tais yav tsaus ntuj, Niam tais sib sau ua ke, Pom tawm. Qhov kawg ntawm Maslenitsa ib txwm ntog rau Hnub Caiv Kev zam txim. Yog li ntawd, lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov hnub caiv tsis yog nyob rau hauv yooj yim huab hwm coj mus ntsib cov qhua, tab sis nyob rau hauv kev ntxuav tus ntsuj plig los ntawm insults nrog lub siab dawb paug.

Nqaim thiab dav Maslenitsa

Shrovetide muab faib ua ob ntu:

  • Hnub Monday txog Wednesday yog Narrow Maslenitsa;
  • Hnub Thursday txog Hnub Sunday yog Broad Maslenitsa.

Thaum thawj zaug, tib neeg raug tso cai ua haujlwm, thiab thib ob, tib neeg tau muab lawv tus kheej rau hnub so. Lub Broad Maslenitsa pib nrog rituals.

  • Hnub Monday sawv ntxov, tus vauv raug xa mus rau nws niam nws txiv. Thaum yav tsaus ntuj, leej niam thiab leej txiv tuaj rau pancakes rau cov matchmakers thiab tham txog dab tsi muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab qhov twg lawv yuav ua kev zoo siab Shrovetide.
  • Hnub Tuesday, cov nkauj nraug tau teem caij. Tib neeg mus tom tsev, noj pancakes, mus sledding.
  • Hnub Wednesday, niam tais caw nws tus vauv thiab lwm tus qhua los ua pancakes.
  • Txij hnub Thursday kev ua koob tsheej loj pib. Niaj hnub no, tib neeg koom nrog kev sib ntaus sib tua, caij nees, hu nkauj, carol, dhia hla hluav taws, cua daj cua dub hauv nroog, ntshai cov neeg hla dhau, ua si dag rau ib leeg (nce lub qhov rooj nrog lub cav, rub lub laub mus rau lub ru tsev., etc.).
  • Hnub Friday, tus vauv yuav tsum tau tuaj tos niam tais thiab nws cov txheeb ze.
  • Hnub Saturday, tus vauv tau caw nws tus muam thiab lwm tus txheeb ze ntawm nws tus txiv.
  • Hnub Sunday lawv thov kom sawv daws zam txim, da dej hauv lub tsev da dej, hlawv hluav taws, hais lus zoo rau cov neeg tuag hauv toj ntxas.
dav carnival
dav carnival

Lub teb chaws twg ua kev zoo siab rau hnub so no?

Zoo siab txais tos rau Broad Maslenitsa tsis yog rau cov neeg Lavxias xwb. Hnub so no kuj ua kev zoo siab rau lwm lub tebchaws, tsuas yog nws muaj lub npe txawv.

  • Finns hu rau Shrove Tuesday Laskiainen.
  • Croats ua kev zoo siab rau Fashnik.
  • Greeks muaj Apokries.
  • Estonians, Norwegians, Germans nyob rau sab qaum teb, Latvians, Danes ua kev zoo siab rau Vastlavya.
  • Asmeskas thiab Fabkis hais lus Europe ua kev zoo siab Mardi Gras.
  • English-hais lus Europe thiab Australia hu rau hnub so Penance Day lossis Pancake Day.
  • Armenians muaj Bun Barekendan.
  • Cov neeg German nyob rau sab qab teb thiab cov teb chaws Europe hais lus German ua kev zoo siab Fastnacht.
  • Czechs thiab Slovaks hu Maslenitsa Myasopust, lossis Fashank. Los ntawm txoj kev, Catholic Slavs kuj hu rau hnub so Myasopust.
  • Poles ua kev zoo siab rau Remains, lossis pib.
  • ua kev zoo siab rau qhov dav carnival
    ua kev zoo siab rau qhov dav carnival

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm hnub so yog tib yam rau txhua haiv neeg, tsis hais qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom noj thiab kev sib tw. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv Lavxias teb sab thiab Belarusian rooj, ib tug tortilla los yog pancake yog ib tug obligatory tais, thaum Ukrainians noj cheesecakes thiab dumplings.

Kev sib txuas ntawm Maslenitsa nrog kev xeeb tub, xeeb menyuam thiab cov neeg tuag

Thaum Maslenitsa yog hnub so pagan, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm qhov uas yog los txhawb qhov pib ntawm lub voj voog fertile. Vim li no cov neeg ua liaj ua teb thiaj li faib cov tshauv ntawm scarecrows nyob rau hauv lawv teb.

Tus scarecrow tau tsim los ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg birch thiab straw, uas yog lub cim pib ntawm lub neej. Kev yug me nyuam kuj tau txuam nrog fertility. Yog vim li casCov menyuam roj hmab hauv tsev tau muab rau cov niam txiv tsis muaj menyuam, tsev neeg ua koob tsheej tau qhuas thiab cov neeg tsis tau sib yuav raug txim. Nyob rau hauv Ukraine thiab Belarus, xws li bachelors raug khi nrog sticks rau lawv ob txhais ceg thiab yuam kom rub lub lawj. Lub ntsiab lus ntawm txoj kev cai no yog ua kom cov ntxhais thiab cov tub xav txog kev sib yuav raws cai.

Thiab lub ntsiab lus thib peb ntawm hnub so yog txuam nrog kev ua koob tsheej nco txog cov neeg tuag. Yog vim li ntawd thiaj muab thawj lub ncuav rau cov neeg tuag, thiab hnub kawg txawm tsis tau muab cov ncuav los ntawm lub rooj, vim nws ntseeg tias cov txheeb ze uas tuag lawm los noj hmo.

Kev sau qoob loo, kev yug tsiaj txhu, yug me nyuam thiab kev ua koob tsheej nco txog cov neeg tuag tau cuam tshuam nrog kev muaj sia nyob ntawm thaj av. Txawm li cas los xij, ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas nyob rau hauv peb lub sij hawm yog cov cim ntshiab thiab suav nrog ua keeb kwm siv hauv tsab ntawv. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, Maslenitsa dav tsis poob nws qhov peev xwm thiab kev txaus siab.

Ntxhais los yog tsis tshua muaj rituals

  • Txiv yawg lub ntees tuag. Belarusians nyob rau thawj hnub ntawm hnub so, thaum lawv yuav tsum tau coj thawj pancake mus rau lub toj ntxas, faus ib tug txiv neej nrog ib tug pronounced txiv neej lub cev. Cov menyuam yaus thiab cov bachelors tsis raug caw tuaj koom rau qhov kev tshwm sim no, vim hais tias lub ntees tuag tsis txaus ntseeg tau nrog cov lus tso dag caustic thiab tsis meej pem. Niaj hnub no, txoj kev cai no tsis muaj sia nyob.
  • kev ua koob tsheej ntawm ib tug dav carnival
    kev ua koob tsheej ntawm ib tug dav carnival
  • Nyob lom zem. Raws li kev lig kev cai, tus dais seev cev nrog tus neeg ua yeeb yam disguised, tom qab ntawd "parodied" tus ntxhais hnav khaub ncaws, thiab tom qab ntawd sib tw nrog nws tus tswv. Niaj hnub no, buffoons thiab costumed artists qee zaum piav txog qhov kev ua koob tsheej no.
  • Cua. Costumed cov hluas ntshai cov neeg taug kev thiab mus los ntawm tsev mus rau ib lub tsev. Qee cov neeg ua yeeb yam ua yeeb yam: lawv yuav rub lub laub mus rau lub ru tsev, ua rau lub qhov rooj nrog lub cav… Niaj hnub no, qhov kev ua yeeb yam no tau dhau mus rau Kolyada, thiab qee zaum ua si los ntawm cov neeg ua yeeb yam hauv kev ua yeeb yam.
  • Txoj kev lag luam. Yav dhau los, kev zoo siab rau Broad Maslenitsa tau nrog kev muag khoom ntawm pancakes, dej qab zib thiab lwm yam khoom. Tam sim no, cov txheej xwm los ntawm cov thawj coj hauv nroog tau teeb tsa rau hnub so dawb (feem ntau yog pancakes tsis muaj dej thiab tshuaj yej), tab sis kuj muaj cov khw muag khoom ntiag tug.

Traditional Shrovetide games

Dav Maslenitsa nyob rau hauv cov hnub qub muaj ntau cov kev lis kev cai uas tau rov ua dua ib xyoos dhau ib xyoos. Hlawv scarecrow thiab ua pancakes yog lub ntsiab tseem ceeb ntawm hnub so. Tab sis lawv kuj tau ua cov kab ke hauv qab no:

  • Kev ntes cov nroog daus. Lawv ua tej nroog tawm ntawm cov daus uas muaj dej. Cov neeg tau muab faib ua ob pawg, qhov twg ib feem yog txhawm rau kov yeej "cov neeg nyob hauv nroog" hauv nroog. Ib lub nroog zoo li no yuav tsum tau ua nyob ze ntawm ntug dej, yog li hauv qee lub zos lawv muab tus ncej rau dai khoom plig thiab nchuav dej hla nws.
  • Ntiv sib ntaus. Cov tsoos hom fisticuffs yog "phab ntsa rau phab ntsa". Thaum cov tub hluas tuaj tawm tsam thawj, ces cov txiv neej tsis tau yuav txiv thiab ces cov txiv neej laus. Nws lub ntsiab lus yog qhia txog kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov txiv neej. Niaj hnub no lawv tab tom hloov lub boxing los yog tug tsov rog.
  • dav carnival duab
    dav carnival duab
  • Ski saum roob. Los ntawm cov roob ntxhab ntawm cov xim pleev xim loj loj ntawm rau tus neeg, ob pab pawg tau caij tsheb. Lub sled hnyav heev, yog li pab neeg uas caij tsheb tshaj plaws yuav muaj cov qoob loo nplua nuj tshaj plaws hauv teb. Niaj hnub no skiing los ntawm roob yog hloov los ntawm skiingnees.

Kev ua koob tsheej ntawm Shrove Tuesday hauv niaj hnub Russia

Tam sim no, cov thawj coj ntawm lub nroog lossis lub zos npaj kev ua koob tsheej rau pej xeem hnub kawg ntawm Maslenitsa. Hnub no, lub platform loj loj tau tsim, uas cov kws tshaj lij ua haujlwm. Lawv tsis tsuas yog hu nkauj, ditties, tab sis kuj tuav tag nrho cov hnub ntawm Maslenitsa nrog tag nrho cov taug kev thiab keeb kwm rites.

Cov neeg tuaj yeem koom nrog ntau yam kev kos thiab ua yeeb yam. Txhawm rau txo qhov tawv nqaij thiab zoo siab rau tib neeg, cov buffoons tas li snooping nyob ib puag ncig, uas tab tom nrhiav rau cov neeg muaj siab tawv thiab ua siab loj koom nrog ntau yam kev sib tw. Nyob rau hauv lub qub hnub, ib tug dav Shrovetide (duab nrog costumed lam) yeej ib txwm nrog lub rooj muag zaub thiab parsley comedies.

Dhau li ntawm qhov chaw sib tw, tseem muaj ntau lub khw muag tshuaj yej kub thiab pancakes. Los ntawm cov thawj coj hauv nroog, cov khoom noj tshiab feem ntau yog pub dawb, thaum cov tswv ntiav muaj ntau yam tais diav, tab sis rau tus nqi. Nyob deb ntawm qhov yeeb yam, cov dej khov nab kuab tau teeb tsa, lossis cov nees thiab cov sledges raug muab rau caij. Kev txiav txim thiab kev qhuab ntuas yuav tsum ua raws li tub ceev xwm.

kev sib tw yog hnub so

Txawm hais tias muaj ntau yam kev cai dab qhuas thiab kev ua si yog qhov qub, niaj hnub farewells rau lub caij ntuj no kuj nyiam cov neeg coob coob. Qhov xwm txheej ntawm hnub so "Wide Shrovetide" yog tsim los rau ntau lub hnub nyoog thiab kev xav tau. Qee tus saib kev ua yeeb yam thiab taug kev nrog cov kws ua yeeb yam los ntawm ib lub platform mus rau lwm qhov, mus txog txhua theem Shrovetide.

nyiaj so koobtsheej dav carnival
nyiaj so koobtsheej dav carnival

Tus thib ob tam sim ntawd koom nrog kev sib tw. Feem ntau cov koom haumTxheej xwm:

  • Ice ncej nrog khoom plig. Cov neeg yuav tsum tau undress rau lub duav rov sauv thiab nce lub icy slippery pillar mus rau sab saum toj mus rau khoom plig. Kev sib tw tau txiav txim siab ua tiav yog tias lub pob nrog cov khoom plig tsis raug torn, tab sis tshem tawm ntawm tus nuv. Lawv dai txhua yam sib txawv ntawm tus ncej, muaj rooj plaub thaum tus npua npuaj tau hnov los ntawm qhov siab.
  • Tug of war. Cov neeg tau muab faib ua ob pawg thiab yuav tsum rub tag nrho cov neeg tawm tsam mus rau lawv sab.
  • Pob dej. Cov txiv neej qhia tawm lawv txoj kev ua siab loj li ob peb tus neeg uas tsis muaj peev xwm hnav khaub ncaws thiab da dej rau lawv tus kheej.
  • Kev sib ntaus sib tua. Cov no yog cov kev sib tw rau cov txiv neej. Yav tas los, tag nrho pawg neeg sib ntaus sib tua. Kev sib ntaus sib tua ntawm tes-rau-tes tau raug teeb tsa tam sim no.

Yuav khoom dab tsi Shrove Tuesday muaj?

Tsis yog Wide Maslenitsa (cov duab tau nthuav tawm hauv tsab xov xwm) ua tiav yam tsis muaj menyuam roj hmab. Muaj ntau ntau yam:

  • Big effigy yuav tsum hlawv. Lawv ua los ntawm ob tug ntoo khaub lig nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib tug ntoo khaub lig, nyob rau hauv uas lawv tsim ib tug "lub cev" nrog kev pab los ntawm cov ceg thiab straw, ces muab tso rau khaub ncaws thiab pleev xim rau lub ntsej muag. Ntawm no lawv tau ua ob hom tsiaj txhu: daim duab ntawm Lub Caij Ntuj No, qhov twg cov khaub ncaws qub, thiab cov duab ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Maslenitsa nrog ribbons thiab zoo nkauj outfits. Feem ntau lawv hlawv tej qub txeeg qub teg nrog ib tug scarecrow ntawm lub caij ntuj no.
  • broad carnival tsab ntawv
    broad carnival tsab ntawv
  • Medium Shrovetide menyuam roj hmab. Nws yog ua me me, rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais kawm ua yeeb yam, thaum cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov menyuam yaus mus ncig hauv chav kawm nrog cov nkauj, paj huam thiab cov nkauj hu nkauj thiab qhia cov neeg tuaj saib rau Broad Maslenitsa. Lawv ua tib yam li tus scarecrow loj, tsuas yog me me xwb.
  • HomemadePancake lub lim tiam. Qhov no yog ib tug me nyuam roj hmab tsis ntau tshaj 20 centimeters. Lawv ua cov khoom plig rau cov niam txiv hluas uas tsis muaj menyuam lossis ua ib lub talisman rau newlyweds. Ib tug menyuam roj hmab hauv tsev yog tsim tsis muaj rab koob, txiab thiab lwm yam khoom tho. Cov ntaub yog torn rau hauv daim ntawm tes, cov ntsiab lus yog qhwv nrog threads.

Dab tsi yog tus scarecrow?

Tus scarecrow ntawm lub caij ntuj no qub tau piav qhia tias yog poj niam laus. Nws qhov kub hnyiab txhais tau tias qhov kawg ntawm txhua yam qub thiab lub rooj sib tham ntawm tus tshiab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ua kom scarecrows los ntawm birch thiab straw nrog pancake hauv tes, vim qhov no txhais tau tias fertility. Yav dhau los, cov neeg uas muaj cov tsiaj txhu no pov lawv cov khoom qub, khaub ncaws rau hauv hluav taws thiab hais lus zoo rau lawv cov kev tsis txaus siab. Hluav taws pab ntxuav tib neeg lub siab ua ntej Lent.

Tus menyuam roj hmab loj ntawm cov tub ntxhais hluas Maslenitsa koom nrog kev ua yeeb yam loj. Nws yog ua kom lub teeb kom nws nqa tau rau ntawm ib tug pas. Cov menyuam roj hmab zoo siab no mus ntawm hnub so mus rau hnub so (Wide Shrovetide). Zaj nkauj no suab zoo siab thiab lom zem heev.

Tsev Maslenitsa pab tsim kev sib raug zoo ntawm tsev neeg. Thaum nws nyuaj rau tus tub xeeb ntxwv lossis tus ntxhais xeeb ntxwv thov kev zam txim los ntawm lawv niam lawv txiv rau Hnub Caiv Kev zam txim, ces khoom plig hauv daim ntawv Maslenitsa pab yaj lub siab txias. Tus poj niam muaj peev xwm, thaum muaj kev sib cav thiab thuam, qhia rau tus menyuam roj hmab thiab khi lawv hauv ib lub pob.

dav carnival yees duab
dav carnival yees duab

Cov menyuam roj hmab no raug hlawv nrog rau tus scarecrow hais lus zoo rau qhov tsis zoo. Kuj tseem muaj cov uas liab ribbon nrog cov kev xav tau txuas nrog. Lawv kuj raug hlawv ntawm ceg txheem ntseeg kom ua npau suav.

Cov ntsiab lus xaus

Wide Maslenitsa (duab nrog pancakes thiab scarecrow tau muab rau saum) suav nrogkev pam tuag, kev ua liaj ua teb thiab kev sib yuav rituals. Nyob rau hauv thawj rooj plaub, qhov hluav taws kub ntawm ib tug effigy ntawm Marena, round pancakes, ntses ntawm lub rooj, ib tug txwv tsis pub ua hauj lwm, hluav taws ua tim khawv rau lub reverence ntawm tib neeg rau cov neeg tuag. Nyob rau hauv rooj plaub thib ob ntawm kev caij ski los ntawm lub roob, hlawv ib tug scarecrow ua los ntawm birch thiab straw nrog ib tug pancake, scattering tshauv nyob rau hauv lub teb ua tim khawv rau yav tom ntej sau.

Hauv qhov thib peb, cov neeg hauv tsev neeg tau txais kev qhuas, cov nkauj muam nraug nus tau npaj thiab kawm tiav qib siab raug rau txim. Yog li ntawd, tus poj niam hluas, sib yuav rau ib xyoos, yuav tsum caij nws cov phooj ywg nyob rau hauv ib tug sleigh nrog nkauj thiab tso dag es tsis txhob nees. Cov khub niam txiv yuav tsum tau hnia rau pej xeem ntawm tus ncej "hnia". Thiab bachelors nyob rau hauv khub (ib tug ntxhais thiab ib tug txiv leej tub) raug yuam mus taug kev nrog ib tug dai lawj txhua hnub, enduring thuam. Ntawm Maslenitsa, txhua tus txheeb ze yuav tsum mus ntsib cov qhua: ua ntej, niam tais "roj" tus tub, thiab tom qab ntawd nws yuav tsum tos txais nws niam mus rau nws lub tsev.

Nws hloov tawm tias tsev neeg thiab kev lom zem tshaj plaws hnub so yog Wide Maslenitsa! Cov nkauj rau txhua hnub ntawm hnub so txawv, tab sis txhua tus tau mob siab rau thiab zoo siab. Thiab muaj ntau pancakes nrog txawv filling. Cov ntxhais txawm xaiv lawv tus txij nkawm raws li lawv.

Pom zoo: