Me nyuam kub taub hau: yog vim li cas. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm thermoregulation hauv cov menyuam yaus

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:46

Yuav ua li cas yog tus menyuam kub taub hau? Tus me nyuam tus mob no txaus ntshai npaum li cas thiab nws puas txaus ntshai? Lo lus nug no feem ntau haunts cov niam txiv hluas, yog li tam sim no peb yuav sim muab lo lus teb rau nws. Thiab tseem nrhiav seb dab tsi yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm thermoregulation hauv cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov txheej txheem no txawv li cas hauv cov menyuam mos thiab cov neeg laus.

Tswv cua sov li cas hauv cov menyuam mos?

Nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus thiab cov neeg laus, lub cev kub yog tswj hwm los ntawm hypothalamus, lub chaw tshwj xeeb nyob hauv diencephalon. Tab sis tib lub sijhawm, cov kab mob endocrine thiab paj hlwb ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem no. Yog li, cov thyroid caj pas, qog adrenal thiab pituitary caj pas ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov cua sov los ntawm lub cev. Feem ntau, thermoregulation yog ib qho nyuaj ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj thiab lub cev uas muab lub sijhawm rau tus neeg, yog tias tsim nyog, nce lossis, hloov pauv, txo cov khoom cua sov.

Cov leeg nqaij thiab cov plab hnyuv siab raum pab lub cev "sov sov", tshwj xeeb, lub siab. Qhov no mechanism yog ntauNws yog cov txheej txheem tshuaj ntawm thermoregulation uas koom nrog, uas, raws li kev tshawb fawb qhia, tau tsim zoo heev hauv cov me nyuam mos. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, vascular system yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev hloov pauv cua sov, thiab tawm hws. Vim lawv qhov tshwj xeeb physiology thiab kev loj hlob tsis txaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij, nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cov me nyuam kom txias lawv tus kheej. Yog vim li cas tus me nyuam kub taub hau tsis ua npaws yog ib yam mob. Qhov no, raws li txoj cai, tsis cuam tshuam nrog malfunctions nyob rau hauv lub cev; qhov ua rau ntawm tus mob no feem ntau banal overheating.

Txij thaum nws yug los, txawm li cas los xij, tus menyuam muaj peev xwm tiv tau cov teeb meem uas ib puag ncig cuam tshuam rau nws. Nyob rau hauv lub tsev menyuam, nws nyob rau hauv cov dej, qhov kub ntawm uas yog ze li ntawm 38 degrees, yog li ntawd, thaum yug los, nws muaj ib tug poob siab, vim hais tias nws mus rau qhov chaw uas nws yog 10-14 degrees txias. Brown adipose cov ntaub so ntswg pab nws tiv nrog xws li ib tug kub poob, nws pib tsim nyob rau hauv lub fetus ntawm lub 26th lub lim tiam ntawm cev xeeb tub thiab accumulates nyob rau hauv lub cev mus txog rau thaum lub hnub yug. Tus me nyuam yuav siv nws los ua kom sov rau tag nrho thawj xyoo ntawm nws lub neej.

Cov me nyuam ntxov ntxov tsis muaj roj ntau npaum li cov me nyuam yug thaum lub sij hawm, yog li lawv muaj ntau dua thermoregulation. Qhov thib ob feature ntawm cov menyuam mos yog tias lawv cov leeg tsis sib cog lus thaum lub sij hawm tsim hluav taws xob. Ntawd yog, yog tias tus menyuam tsis tshee thaum txias, qhov no tsis txhais hais tias nws tsis txias. Txhawm rau txiav txim siab qhov no, nws yog qhov zoo dua los xav txog tus menyuam. Yog tus menyuam kub taub hau, txhais tau hais tias nws kub,thiab daim tawv nqaij txias yuav qhia tau tias hypothermia.

Thaum twg cov menyuam mos tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov ntsuas kub?

Thawj lub limtiam ntawm lub neej rau tus menyuam yug tshiab yog cim los ntawm qhov hloov pauv ntawm lub cev kub. Tam sim ntawd tom qab yug me nyuam, tus me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo muaj lub cev kub siab - 37.7-38.2 degrees. Raws li, tus me nyuam muaj lub taub hau kub, thiab tsis yog lub cev xwb. Tab sis twb tom qab peb teev, qhov kub thiab txias poob, thiab heev heev - mus rau 35.2 degrees, tom qab uas nws maj stabilizes thiab nyob twj ywm ntawm 36.2 degrees nyob rau hauv thawj peb hnub ntawm lub neej.

Tom qab tawm hauv tsev kho mob, ntau leej niam pom tias tus menyuam muaj qhov kub thiab txias ntawm 37.2 ntxiv lossis rho tawm ob peb feem kaum ntawm ib qib, tab sis tib lub sijhawm nws zoo - nws noj ib txwm, pw tsaug zog, thiab tsis yog. qias neeg. Nyob rau hauv thawj ob lub hlis ntawm lub neej, xws li hyperthermia yog suav tias yog ib txwm, nws yog txuam nrog underdevelopment ntawm lub thermoregulation ntawm tus me nyuam. Koj yuav tsum tau ceev faj yog tias, ntxiv rau qhov ua npaws, pom lwm cov tsos mob: tus menyuam muaj hws taub hau, tsis xis nyob, tsis mus rau chav dej zoo, noj me ntsis.

Txij li ib nrab xyoo hauv cov menyuam mos tag nrho, qhov kub thiab txias pib zoo li qub, lawv muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob thiab hloov hluav taws xob, tab sis lawv yuav tsis xaus sai sai - tsuas yog tom qab ib xyoos xwb, thiab cov me nyuam ntxov ntxov nws ncua 2-3 lub hlis. Cov me nyuam me tuaj yeem ua kom sov thaum muaj hnub nyoog laus dua, yog li lawv yuav tsum hnav "rau huab cua."

Kub nta ntawm qhov sib txawvlub cev cheeb tsam hauv me nyuam

Ntau zaus, cov niam txiv pom tias tus menyuam kub taub hau, thaum txhais tes thiab ko taw txias tag. Nyob rau hauv xws li mob, tus me nyuam yuav tsum tau ceev ceev ntsuas qhov kub thiab txias, thiab yog hais tias nws nce, nws txhais tau hais tias muaj ib tug loj inflammatory txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lub cev nrog ib tug high degree ntawm qhov tshwm sim. Vim yog vasospasm, lub cev tsis tuaj yeem poob cua sov los ntawm daim tawv nqaij ntawm xib teg thiab ko taw, thiab khaws cia hauv lub cev, ua rau qhov kub thiab txias nce ntxiv.

Tus mob no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau cov menyuam mos thiab xav tau kev kho mob tam sim. Feem ntau, kev tshawb fawb los ntawm cov kws kho mob tau pom tias nyob rau ntawm qhov chaw sib txawv ntawm tus menyuam lub cev, qhov kub thiab txias, raws li txoj cai, txawv. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias nyob rau hauv tej qhov chaw muaj ntau cov hlab ntsha. Yog li, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ib feem ntawm lub cev kub yog siab dua, thiab nyob rau hauv periphery - qis dua. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov ntiv taw yog qhov txias tshaj plaws (hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab 31.7 degrees). Thaum tus me nyuam hnov, cov niam txiv yuav pom tias tus me nyuam kub taub hau hauv lub tuam tsev tsis kub taub hau, thiab lub hauv pliaj txias. Qhov no yog ib txwm zoo li qub thiab txuas nrog tib qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov hlab ntsha ntawm daim tawv nqaij.

Ib txwm kub rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos

Ib me ntsis "sov" ntawm lub cev hauv tus menyuam yug tshiab yog qhov qub. Raws li peb twb tau hais lawm, yog tias qhov kub ntawm tus menyuam hloov pauv ntawm 36.5-37.5 degrees, qhov no yog qhov ntuj thiab tsim nyog. Thaum pw tsaug zog, tus me nyuam yuav zoo siab me ntsis, yog li muab nws tus pas ntsuas kub kom tsaug zog tsis muaj kev nkag siab. Qhov ntsuas kub nolub cev yuav tsis paub, vim hais tias feem ntau nws yuav tshwm sim hyperthermia, uas yuav dhau los ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab li ib nrab teev. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua rau kub yog tias nws hnav tsis zoo, siv ntau cov khaub ncaws lossis khoom ua los ntawm cov ntaub hluavtaws. Thaum qhov kub thiab txias, koj tuaj yeem sim tshem tawm tus me nyuam thiab yog tias qhov xwm txheej ruaj khov, ces qhov no tsis yog kab mob, tab sis overheating.

Puas yog lub taub hau kub hauv tus menyuam mos yog cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob lossis tus qauv?

Nyob rau hauv nws tus kheej, qhov nce ntawm qhov kub thiab txias hauv cheeb tsam lub taub hau tsis txhais tau tias yog dab tsi. Nws tuaj yeem dhau los ua cov tsos mob nkaus xwb nrog rau lwm yam cim ntawm cov kab mob:

• kev nyuaj siab;
• npau suav phem;
• kev tshaib plab;
• tso zis tso quav thiab cem quav los yog vice versa, raws plab;
• nquag quaj tsis tu ncua.

Cov tsos mob no yuav qhia tau tias muaj kab mob sib kis los yog mob hlwb.

Nyob taub hau hws

Ntau zaus, cov niam txiv nug cov kws kho mob vim li cas tus menyuam lub taub hau tawm hws. Raws li ntau tus kws tshaj lij, qhov no yog vim qhov tsis txaus ntawm cov vitamin D hauv lub cev thiab rickets, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus kws kho mob ua raws li qhov kev xav no. Txhawm rau kom paub meej qhov kev kuaj mob no, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob hlwb thiab tus kws kho mob orthopedist, nrog rau pub ntshav rau biochemistry.

Lwm yam yuav ua rau lub taub hau tawm hws yog qhov ua tsis tau zoo ntawm cov qog hws, overexcitation, siv cov khaub ncaws hluavtaws thiab cov ntaub pua chaw pw, kev nqus nqus (qhov no ua rau tus menyuam nkees, nqus rau.tus me nyuam - kev tawm dag zog lub cev hnyav).

Yuav ua li cas txias me nyuam?

Ua ntej koj koom nrog "knocking down" qhov kub, koj yuav tsum nrhiav seb yog vim li cas rau qhov nws nce. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias vim li cas tus menyuam muaj lub taub hau kub thiab lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. Yog tias muaj kab mob, yuav tsum tau kho raws li kev qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob muaj peev xwm.

Yog tias qhov tseeb yog tias tus menyuam kub dhau, koj yuav tsum ua txhua yam ua tau kom tshem tawm cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau nws qhov hyperthermia. Pib nrog, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau hnav khaub ncaws, koj tuaj yeem so nws txhais tes, taw thiab taub hau me ntsis nrog cov ntaub ntub dej. Qhov no yuav xyuas kom meej tias qhov kub taub hau yuav ploj mus sai dua thiab qhov kub thiab txias yuav rov zoo li qub. Nws tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum muaj lub microclimate ib txwm nyob hauv chav uas tus me nyuam mos feem ntau yog lub sij hawm. Txawm hais tias nws tau txais kev sov siab thaum nyob hauv plab, tom qab yug me nyuam nws tsis tas yuav tsum tau loj hlob zoo li lub tsev cog khoom cog hauv chav kub thiab txias. Nws yog qhov tsim nyog los tswj qhov kub ntawm 22-24 degrees thiab tsis siab dua, thiab huab cua av noo - los ntawm 40 txog 60%.

Tus me nyuam kub taub hau yuav tsum kuaj qhov twg?

Ntau tus niam txiv, hnia lawv tus menyuam ntawm lub hauv pliaj, xyuas seb nws puas kub taub hau. Txoj kev no ntawm qhov kub nce tswj yog tiag tiag tiam neeg pov thawj. Tab sis koj yuav tsum nkag siab tias los ntawm kev kov lub taub hau no, koj tsuas tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb tus menyuam puas kub taub hau, tab sis txoj kev no yuav tsis muab qhov tseeb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws tseem ceeb heev kom tsis txhob "nco" thaum ua qhov kev kuaj mob thiab tsis txhob hniatus me nyuam hauv lub tuam tsev, qhov twg, hauv paus ntsiab lus, daim tawv nqaij sov dua, thiab nws yuav zoo li tias tus menyuam muaj qhov kub ntawm 37 degrees lossis siab dua.