Hnub nyoog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv theem pib: kev kawm theem qis

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:58

Nag hmo, ib tug me nyuam yaus zoo siab tau tsim khoom qab zib Easter hauv sandbox thiab dov tsheb ntawm ib txoj hlua, thiab niaj hnub no cov phau ntawv thiab cov phau ntawv twb muaj nyob rau ntawm nws lub desktop, thiab lub hnab loj loj tau dai ntawm nws nraub qaum.

Tus me nyuam preschool tau hloov mus ua ib tug tub hluas. Dab tsi yog lub hnub nyoog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv, yuav ua li cas qhia tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws (MPD) thiab dab tsi yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau thaum qhia tus menyuam tsis hnov lus - tag nrho cov no yuav tau tham hauv tsab xov xwm no. Peb yuav sim muab lub ncauj lus kom ntxaws kom ntau li ntau tau kom koj tsis txhob muaj lus nug.

Hnub nyoog yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev kawm theem pib

Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv qib pib yog cov menyuam hnub nyoog 6 txog 11 xyoos, lub npe hu ua lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, txij qib thawj mus rau qib plaub. Ntau tus niam txiv nug cov lus nug: "Lub hnub nyoog twg yuav tsum xa tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv?" Tsis muaj lus teb meej rau qhov no. Ib qho yog npaj txhij thiab thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6 xyoo tuaj yeem pab tau yooj yim40 feeb hauv ib zaj lus qhia, kom nkag siab thiab nco ntsoov txhua yam, thiab lwm qhov thaum muaj hnub nyoog 8 xyoo yuav tsis tuaj yeem ua qhov no thiab twb nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm thawj zaj lus qhia yuav poob tag nrho. Yog li ntawd, ua ntej txiav txim siab rau qhov pib ntawm ib tug tshiab, neeg laus, tsev kawm ntawv lub neej rau ib tug me nyuam, ib tug yuav tsum mus los ntawm ib tug kws kho mob-psychological-pedagogical commission (MPPC). Hauv txhua lub tsev kawm ntawv qib kindergarten, qhov haujlwm no tshwm sim thaum tso tus menyuam tawm ntawm pab pawg npaj. Tab sis yog tias cov niam txiv muaj qhov tsis txaus ntseeg me ntsis txog qhov kev tawm tswv yim ntawm tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv thaum muaj hnub nyoog 6-7, ces koj yuav tsum hu rau tus kws kho mob hlwb thiab kws kho mob hlwb. Yog tias cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb no tsis nyob hauv tsev kho mob uas tus menyuam txuas nrog, ces koj yuav tau mus rau lub nroog psychoneurological dispensary.

Tsim nyog muaj hnub nyoog rau qib ib

Lub hnub nyoog no, ib xyoos rau kev loj hlob thiab "maturation" ntawm tus menyuam lub hlwb yog lub sijhawm ntev heev. Niaj hnub no cov menyuam yaus uas muaj zog heev yuav tsum tsis txhob hla lub tsev kawm ntawv ua ntej hnub nyoog 7 xyoos, thiab qee qhov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg nquag, yuav tsum tau tawm hauv tsev kawm ntawv mus txog rau 8. Cia tus menyuam muaj kev sib haum xeeb hauv chav kawm, thiab tsis txhob tawg tawm ntawm lub suab nrov. tsev kawm ntawv tsis nkag siab dab tsi tus xib fwb piav qhia dab tsi? Kev nrawm nrawm nrog kev nkag mus rau qib thawj, koj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam tus menyuam txoj kev xav kawm mus tas li. Tsis txhob muab qhov no tawm ntawm koj tus menyuam, vim lub ntiaj teb kev paub yog qhov zoo siab thiab nthuav, qhib qhov rooj rau lub sijhawm, tsis txhob maj, npaj ob tus menyuam thiab koj tus kheej kom nws tsis ua haujlwm, ib yam li hauv cov menyuam yaus. nkauj: "Txiv txiav txim siab, tab sis Vasya surrenders."

Yog li, hnub nyoog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv theem pib qhia txog kev loj hlob loj. Qhov no txhais tau tias txij thaum piblub neej tshiab nyob rau hauv ib tug me nyuam tub kawm ntawv, tag nrho nws lub siab lub ntsws txheej txheem pib rebuilt, tus me nyuam tau txais qualities uas twb yog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov neeg laus, vim hais tias tus me nyuam kawm ntawv tau koom nyob rau hauv ib tug tshiab kev ua si rau nws. Tus me nyuam txhim kho kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej, thiab tag nrho cov txheej txheem kev txawj ntse yuav ruaj khov thiab tsim tau.

Kuv puas xav tau kev npaj ntxiv rau tsev kawm ntawv

Rau feem coob ntawm cov menyuam yaus, kev mus kawm "preschool" lub tsev kawm ntawv tau pom zoo. Tab sis tsuas yog cov chav kawm uas yuav muaj nyob rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv uas tus menyuam yuav kawm yav tom ntej yuav ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo. Thiab tus kws qhia ntawv uas yuav dhau los ua nws tus kws qhia hauv chav kawm. Tus kws qhia ntawv tau paub cov menyuam yaus ua ntej, npaj cov tub ntxhais kawm yav tom ntej rau qhov kev cob qhia uas lawv yuav muaj thoob plaws hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv theem pib, hauv ib lo lus, npaj cov me nyuam "rau lawv tus kheej". Cov menyuam yaus, dhau los, tau paub tus neeg tshiab (lawv tus kws qhia hauv chav kawm yav tom ntej), thaj chaw thiab cov cai.

Tau mus kawm qib 1 tom qab "tsev kawm ntawv preschool", tus menyuam twb muaj kev ntseeg siab. Nws paub tias nws qhov chaw ua haujlwm nyob qhov twg, yuav mus rau chav dej li cas, qhov twg lub wardrobe thiab chav noj mov nyob. Qhov kev ntseeg siab ntxiv no tseem ceeb heev rau ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv. Feem ntau cov chav kawm muaj ob peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam, thaum yav tsaus ntuj. Tsis muaj cov ntawv ua tom tsev, thiab cov chav kawm no pub dawb.

Cov niam txiv yuav pab tau tus menyuam preschool li cas

Yuav kom siv cov khoom tshwj xeeb uas twb muaj lawm rau tus menyuam, nws yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov niam txiv yuav tsum ua txhua yam kom saikev hloov ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv thiab coj tus cwj pwm hnub nyoog ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv rau qhov txiaj ntsig ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv. Siv nws txoj kev xav paub thiab nqhis dej los kawm yam tshiab kom zoo.

Cov neeg laus yuav tsum txhais tag nrho cov kev ua si ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool rau hauv cov tub ntxhais kawm channel: qhia kev nco qab, txhim kho kev mob siab rau thiab tswj tus kheej. Cia muaj ntau lub rooj sib tw ua si, lawv tsuas yog txhim kho txhua yam zoo.

Young Schoolboy Mode

Kev tswj hwm nruj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm theem pib tsuas yog tsim nyog. Nqa daim ntawv dab tsi, pleev xim, cwj mem thiab kos cov ntawv xov xwm phab ntsa ua ke nrog koj tus menyuam. Hu rau nws "Kuv hnub" thiab feeb los ntawm feeb piav qhia tag nrho hnub ua haujlwm ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv - txij thaum sawv ntxov mus pw. Tsis txhob hnov qab suav nrog lub sijhawm rau kev ua si thiab kev lom zem nyob ntawd.

Dai koj cov ntawv xov xwm xuas tes ua rau hauv qhov chaw tseem ceeb ntawm koj tus menyuam lub rooj. Tsis deb ntawm nws yuav tsum muaj ib lub moos uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv yuav piv nws txoj haujlwm.

Muaj qee yam ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv qib pib uas yuav tsis tso cai rau koj yooj yim thiab yooj yim ua raws li txoj cai no tau sau tseg hauv cov ntawv xov xwm phab ntsa "Kuv Hnub".

Me nyuam yaus yuav ruam thaum sawv ntxov. Tom qab ntawd cia li khaws nws li 10 feeb ua ntej. Cia nws pw hauv txaj, ncab. Koj tuaj yeem pw ntawm nws thiab sib tham txog qhov pib ntawm hnub. Cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tawv ncauj txog kev ua homework: cov niam txiv yuav tsum tham nrog tus menyuam hauv lub suab ntsiag to tab sis hnyav txog kev ua raws li tsoomfwv nruj, yuav tsum tsis muaj kev hem thawj, tsis muaj blackmail, tsis muaj xiab. Cov neeg laus yuav tsum muaj kev ntseeg siab thiabib txwm nrog tus tub kawm tham txog nthwv dej zoo.

Kev kawm ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thawj zaug, lossis Leej twg yog tus saib xyuas hauv tsev kawm

Cov niam txiv yuav tsum nkag siab tias lawv nyob hauv tsev, thiab tus kws qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm.

Txoj kev ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv yog qhov kev xav ntawm tus neeg laus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lawv. Thiab yog hais tias nyob rau hauv tsev kawm ntawv tus kws qhia ntawv hais ib yam, thiab nyob rau hauv tsev cov niam txiv hais qhov tseeb opposite, ces qhov no muaj ib tug tsis zoo feem rau nws txoj kev kawm. Nws pib tsis to taub leej twg yog leej twg thiab leej twg yuav mloog.

Yog tias cov niam txiv tsis pom zoo rau tus kws qhia ntawv, ces tsis muaj qhov teeb meem no yuav tsum tau tham nrog tus menyuam. Tham nrog kev tswj hwm ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv, nrhiav kev sib tham nrog tus kws qhia hauv chav kawm, lossis zoo dua, cia li tso siab rau tus kws qhia ntawv uas muaj kev paub zoo uas muaj kev tawm tswv yim zoo. Ua ntej xa koj tus menyuam mus kawm ntawv, tham nrog cov niam txiv ntawm cov menyuam kawm ntawv uas tau kawm yav dhau los nrog tus xibfwb no.

Txoj kev ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thawj zaug

Lub hnub nyoog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv, luv luv hauv qab no, yuav pab niam txiv taug kev:

- Kev xav ntawm cov txwj laus yog qhov tseem ceeb rau tus menyuam, yog li cov kev cai ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv thiab niam txiv yuav tsum sib haum.

- Ib tug tub kawm ntawv ib tug zoo li daim txhuam cev nqus txhua yam uas tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig nws, yog li ceev faj qhov koj hais. Puas tau dhau IQ ntawm tus neeg muag khoom ntawm lub khw? Tag kis nws yuav hais txog nws cov phooj ywg nrog tib lo lus.

- Tus me nyuam pibib tug tshiab, neeg laus, tsev kawm ntawv lub neej nyob rau hauv uas txhua yam yog hloov ntawm xob laim ceev, yog li tas li tham nrog cov me nyuam kawm ntawv, vim hais tias yog ib co teeb meem pib tshwm sim, nws yog yooj yim dua los daws nws thaum pib.

- Cia koj tus menyuam xaiv cov haujlwm tomqab kawm ntawv ntawm lawv tus kheej, tsis txhob coj tus ncaws pob mus rau tsev kawm kos duab, qhov no yuav tsis ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

- Qhia los ntawm tus kheej piv txwv tias kev kawm zoo heev, nyeem phau ntawv ua ke, saib cov kev kawm tshawb fawb thiab kev kawm, mus saib cov tsev khaws puav pheej thiab kev nthuav qhia.

Xav txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv. Lub rooj yuav pab kom pom lub hnub ntawm ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv.

Kev ua haujlwm	hmo ntuj	hnub nap	tsev kawm ntawv	ua d/z	taug kev
sijhawm	9 teev	1 teev	4 teev	30 feeb	1 teev

Ntse me nyuam muaj kev puas hlwb

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws yog qhov ua haujlwm xws li kev nco, kev xav, kev xav, kev hais lus, kev xav, kev xav, thiab lwm yam, yog ib feem lossis tag nrho. Tus me nyuam tsis tuaj yeem mloog zoo rau qhov kev kawm, lossis kev kawm tsuas yog tsis txaus siab rau nws, txawm hais tias nws tsis txaus siab rau nws tsuas yog vim nws tsis ua tiav, thiab nws tsis pom lub ntsiab lus ntawm kev sau ntawv sib txuas, vim tias txawm ntau npaum li cas. nws sim sau lawv, lawv txhua tus tseem tsis zoo ib yam li hauv cov qauv.

Cia saib seb cov neeg laus yuav ua li cas rau tus menyuam kawm ntawv uas muaj kev puas hlwb. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv, cov ntsiab lus hauv qab no, yuav pab cov niam txiv kom nyiam tus menyuam:

- Nws nyuaj rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv kom mloog zoo rau cov lus hais rau nws, yog li ntawd, thaum piav ib yam dab tsi, niam tuaj yeem tsim nws daim di ncauj nrog lub ntsej muag liab qab thiab hais lus zoo. Thaum tus me nyuam ntxhov siab, hais tias: saib kuv lub qhov ncauj. Txij li thaum nws yuav sawv tawm ntawm lub ntsej muag, nws yuav yooj yim dua rau cov tub ntxhais kawm pom thiab hnov dua.

- Cov ntsia hlau ci ua haujlwm ntawm tib lub hauv paus ntsiab lus thaum qee yam yuav tsum tau qhia. Los ntawm tapping ib daim ntawv qhia ntawm nplooj ntawv nrog tus ntiv tes, tus neeg laus yuav nyiam sai sai (lub taw qhia ci tuaj yeem raug ntaus nqi ntawm no).

- Hais kom nrov, maj mam thiab meej.

- Tus neeg laus yuav tsum hloov siab: qhia hauv cov lus, tom qab ntawd kos rau ntawm daim ntawv, tom qab ntawd ua ib qho xwm txheej, tom qab ntawd piav qhia txhua yam ntxiv txij thaum pib. Tej zaum koj yuav tau ua 3-4 lub voj voog ntawm kev piav qhia.

- Yog hais tias tus me nyuam sws nws txhais ceg thaum lub sij hawm piav qhia (nibbles ib tug cwj mem, kua muag daim ntawv rau ib daim hlab, thiab lwm yam), tsis txhob tso tseg, qhov no yog qhov yuav pab tau kom nws tsom ntsoov rau cov lus piav qhia rau nws, qhov no yog lawv peculiarity.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kev puas hlwb tsis muaj qhov muag, musculoskeletal, lossis tsis hnov lus. Feem ntau tsis muaj kev puas tsuaj loj ntawm kev hais lus thiab kev txawj ntse. Cov yam ntxwv hnub nyoog ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv uas muaj kev puas siab puas ntsws pw hauv qhov kev ua haujlwm qis thiab tsis muaj kev txhawb siab, uas cov neeg laus yuav tsum ua haujlwm.

Ntawm cov me nyuam uas tsis hnov lus

Kev hnov lus tsis zoo cuam tshuam qhov kev hloov pauv thib ob, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho, kev txhim kho kev hais lus qeeb, uas, dhau los, txo cov ntaub ntawv tau txais. Kuj tseem muaj kev hloov pauv hauv kev sib koom tes thiab nyuaj rau kev taw qhia hauv qhov chaw. Cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawv uas muaj qhov tsis hnov lus tau cuam tshuam nrog lub cev zoo ntawm tus menyuam. Pathological tsis hnov lus hloov pauv lub vestibular apparatus, yog li kev kawm lub cev thiab lwm yam kev ua ub no tseem ceeb heev hauv kev qhia cov menyuam yaus.

Hnub nyoog nta ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 7-9 xyoos uas muaj kev hnov lus tsis zoo yog nyob rau hauv kev loj hlob qeeb thiab tsis sib xws ntawm lub hom phiaj kev ua ub no. Cov menyuam yaus no feem ntau tsis tiv nrog cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom siv ntxiv, lawv ua ncaj qha, yam tsis muaj kev pab ntawm cov cuab yeej no. Pab tus menyuam kom nkag siab lub ntsiab lus, ua piv txwv.

Cov menyuam yaus tsis hnov lus muaj teeb meem nrog cov haujlwm uas yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas thiab nthuav dav. Nws nyuaj rau lawv paub txog lawv tus kheej lub siab xav thiab tseem nyuaj rau lawv piav qhia lawv. Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem xws li kev ntxhov siab, kev tshem tawm thiab kev ua phem.

Kev Qhia kom tus menyuam tsis hnov lus tsis hnov lus zoo tuaj yeem pab lawv nrog kev sib raug zoo ntawm tus kheej thiab hloov kev sib raug zoo.

Ntxhais. Tsev Kawm Ntawv Qib Siab Kev Kawm Qib Siab

Ob tus kws qhia ntawv hauv tsev kawm theem qis thiab cov niam txiv ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thawj zaug yuav txaus siab rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm Ivan Pavlovich Podlasov, uas nws hais txog kev loj hlob, tsim thiab kev kawm ntawm cov menyuam yaus.

Hnub nyoog tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog pib kawm ntawvLub ntsiab lus pom nyob rau hauv socialization thiab adaptation ntawm cov me nyuam mus rau ib tug tshiab, neeg laus, tsev kawm ntawv lub neej. Qhov no yuav tsum muaj kev sib txuas ntawm cov kws qhia ntawv thiab cov niam txiv, lawv lub siab xav xa lawv cov kev paub dhau los rau cov menyuam yaus, tsim kom muaj tus cwj pwm zoo uas muaj peev xwm paub txog tus kheej thiab txhim kho tus kheej.

Kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam nyob ntawm ob sab hauv (cov khoom muaj sia) thiab sab nraud (tib neeg ib puag ncig). Los ntawm kev tsim kom muaj ib puag ncig zoo sab nraud, ib tus tuaj yeem pab kov yeej kev tsis ruaj khov. Nws tseem yuav tsum tau coj mus rau hauv tus account lub hnub nyoog yam ntxwv ntawm cov me nyuam ntawm lub hnub nyoog kawm ntawv theem pib.

Table luv luv piav txog txoj kev xav ntawm pedagogy ntawm tsev kawm theem qis Podlasov:

Kev qhia	Science of education, upbringing and training
Txoj Kev Kawm Txuj Ci	Kev txhim kho thiab tsim kom muaj tus cwj pwm ntawm tus menyuam kawm ntawv
Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci	Tsim cov haujlwm thiab cov hom phiaj ntawm kev kawm
Txoj Haujlwm ntawm Kev Kawm Txuj Ci	Kev nthuav dav thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev paub txog kev kawm thiab kev cob qhia
Basic concepts	Kev kawm yog kev hloov pauv kev paub rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, tsim kev coj ncaj ncees Kev kawm yog txheej txheem ntawm kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm thiab cov kws qhia ntawv txhawm rau txhim kho cov tub ntxhais kawm Kev Kawm yog ib txoj hauv kev ntawm kev xav, kev paub thiab kev txawj uas tus menyuam kawm ntawv tau paub hauv kev kawm Kev Tsim Kho - hloov cov txheej txheem zoo thiab ntau ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm Kev tsim yog tus txheej txheem ntawm kev hloov pauv menyuam yausnyob rau hauv kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws qhia ntawv
Kev qhia txog kev coj noj coj ua	Humanistic thiab authoritarian
Kev Tshawb Fawb	YEmpirical thiab theoretical

Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau nco ntsoov yog hlub koj cov menyuam, qhuas lawv rau txhua qhov yeej, pab lawv kov yeej kev nyuaj, ces tus menyuam ntxim hlub yuav hloov mus ua ib tus neeg laus kawm ntawv, coj zoo thiab zoo siab.