Xim siv lead ua - zaj sawv hauv iav

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:25

Crystal cov khoom tau tshwm sim ntau txhiab xyoo dhau los. Qhov no tau lees paub los ntawm cov khoom tawg ntawm iav pom thaum lub sijhawm archaeological excavations. Cov vases pom ua los ntawm cov xim siv lead ua muaj nyob rau lub sijhawm ntawm antiquity. Cov neeg Loos siv cov khoom siv lead ua. Cov no yog cov ntsaws ruaj ruaj, hlab ntsha, kho kom zoo nkauj.

Czech lossis xim siv lead ua zoo siab rau ib tus neeg rau ntau tshaj ib puas xyoo. Nws tshwm sim hauv Bohemia - thaj chaw uas thaum kawg tau los ua Czech koom pheej, me ntsis paub txog nws. Lub neej ntawm nws cov neeg nyob li cas, nws kav ntev npaum li cas - peb tsis paub. Nws paub los ntawm cov lus qhia ntawm keeb kwm uas ua ntej dhau los ua Czech koom pheej, nws muaj nyob rau hauv lub npe ntawm Bohemia.

Crystal, iav hlaws

Bohemian iav yog lwm qhov teeb meem. Lub npe no tseem muaj sia nyob mus txog hnub no. Cov khoom nto moo ua los ntawm Bohemian iav tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws yog cov khoom siv ruaj khov, thiab zoo nkauj heev. Nws lub ntsiab feature yog cov xim iridescent zoo kawg uas ua si nyob rau hauv lub rays ntawm lub teeb, tig mus rau hauv zoo heev silhouettes.

Nyob rau hauv txhua lub ces kaum ntawm lub ntiaj teb no nws muaj nuj nqis ntau dua li lwm yam iav. Thawj glassblowersleej twg paub cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim Bohemian iav yog Czechs. Yog li ntawd, nws yog hu ua li ntawd - Czech xim siv lead ua.

Crystal yog khoom kim heev

Ua ntej, tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem them taus yuav cov khoom siv lead ua Bohemian. Nws raug suav hais tias yog khoom kim heev. Crystal tsuas yog yuav los ntawm cov nom tswv thiab cov neeg nplua nuj. Nws yog tsis yooj yim sua rau ib tug commoner kom muaj ib yam dab tsi ua los ntawm Czech iav.

Thiab txij li thaum xaus ntawm lub xyoo pua 12th, txhua yam tau hloov pauv. Czech koom pheej tab tom dhau los ua lub teb chaws tsim kev lag luam, kev lag luam iav tau tsim. Txij li thaum pib ntawm 90s ntawm lub xyoo pua 16th, tag nrho cov iav tshuab tshuab tau tshwm sim. Thiab sai sai no cov xim siv lead ua muaj rau cov neeg zoo tib yam.

Ntau hom Czech siv lead ua

Qhov tseeb, nws tsim nyog sau cia tias muaj ntau hom siv lead ua. Qhov no yog ntuj thiab industrial siv lead ua, tsim los ntawm tib neeg. Niaj hnub no muaj 4 hom siv lead ua:

1. roob (qhov no yog cov khoom siv ntuj tsim).
2. Barium.
3. Lead.
4. YCalcium-potassium.

Kev lag luam xim siv lead ua yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hlau lead oxide nrog silica, sib txuas sodium, potassium thiab lwm yam oxides ntxiv.

Lub tshuab tsim siv lead ua no suav tias yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws thiab txaus ntshai heev. Kev ua tsis tau raws li cov cai thiab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem muaj qhov tshwm sim tu siab.

Thaum siv lead ua los ntawm cov hlau lead thiab barium, xav tau qhov kub thiab txias heev, ncav cuag 1500 degrees. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, ntau yam additives thiab quartz xuab zeb yog siv. Nrog lawv pab, feem ntaumuaj zog crystal.

Unique iav carving

Cov xim siv lead ua "Bohemia" yog nto moo rau nws cov iav tshwj xeeb, cov tsim uas yog cov neeg Loos thaum ub. Nyob rau hauv ancient sij hawm, ntau yam nkoj tau dai kom zoo nkauj nrog xws li carvings. Tom qab ntawd, cov txheej txheem no tau siv los tsim cov iav.

Lub tsev hais plaub ntawm Emperor Rudolf II yog thawj tus uas pib siv cov txheej txheem qub hauv kev tsim cov khoom iav, yog li qhuas nws tus kheej thiab iav thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Nws siv nws tus kheej cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb rau qhov no. Cov no yog cov khoom iav faceted nrog zoo engraving, pob zeb diamond ntug thiab punctureing.

Txij thaum ntawd los ib lub sijhawm tshiab ntawm iav tshuab raj pib. Ib qho tshwj xeeb, idiosyncratic style hauv kev kos duab ntawm Bohemian iav txiav tau kis thoob plaws ntiaj teb. Czech siv lead ua cov khoom lag luam tau txais txiaj ntsig zoo kawg hauv Tebchaws Europe. Thiab tsis ntev cov khoom lag luam nyab xeeb thoob plaws lub khw hauv Middle East.

Tag nrho cov khoom ntawm Czech craftsmen txawv ntawm cov khoom ntawm lwm yam craftsmen. Kuv raug ntaus los ntawm cov xim siv lead ua, ua ntej ntawm tag nrho cov, los ntawm nws qhov tshwj xeeb aesthetic zoo nkauj. Thawj qhov tau txais Czech iav yog Ottoman sultans.

Muaj tseeb, nyob rau hauv lub xyoo pua VI, Czech iav tseem tsis tau yog siv lead ua uas tam sim no. Yog li nws tau mus txog rau thaum xaus ntawm xyoo 1676, uas yog, kom txog rau thaum ib lub khob tshuab raj, ib haiv neeg Askiv, sim ntxiv cov hlau lead oxide rau cov iav Bohemian. Crafty Ravenscroft sim ntau txoj hauv kev.

Nws nrhiav kom muaj zog thiab, tib lub sijhawm, iav zoo nkauj. Qhov chaw tshwj xeebntawm cov kev sim coj ib lub pob zeb diamond imitation. Nws ua iav zoo nkauj, resonant thiab ruaj khov khoom.

Nrog rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov iav zoo li no, thawj lub ntsej muag tau tshwm sim. Nws txawv ntawm txhua hom kev ci ntsa iab thiab lub suab zoo kawg nkaus. Tom qab ntawd, Czech glassblower Müller pib siv qhov ua tiav ntawm Ravenscroft, tom qab ntawd, nyob rau hauv nruab nrab xyoo 1684, cov xim siv lead ua tau tshwm sim, raws nraim li peb paub. Niaj hnub no nyob rau hauv Czech koom pheej, ob txoj kev ntawm iav ntau lawm yog siv:

1. Bohemian iav.
2. painted iav.

Secrets of Czech Crystal

Qhov paub tsis meej ntawm nws qhov kev tsim rov qab ntau pua xyoo. Hauv kev tsim cov iav Bohemian, tsuas yog cov thev naus laus zis qub rau nws cov khoom siv. Ua tsaug rau lawv, tom qab hardening, nws yuav huv si, ruaj, nrog ib tug tshwj xeeb ci.

Crystal ua zoo li no vim yog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuab txiav thiab grinders. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txhua txoj haujlwm tsuas yog ua los ntawm tes, uas ua rau iav ci ntsa iab nrog rau pob zeb diamond.