Synthetic opal: piav qhia, qhov sib txawv ntawm ntuj, daim ntawv thov

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:57

Jewellery yeej ib txwm yog ib qho cim ntawm kev nplua nuj ntawm lawv tus tswv. Tab sis tsis muaj dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nrog cov pob zeb imitation yog tias lawv muag ntawm lawv tus nqi tiag tiag. Tsuas yog niaj hnub craftsmanships ntawm jewelers, raws li zoo raws li ntau yam ntawm cov pob zeb, txhawb kom koj nug ntau yam lus nug thaum muas hniav nyiaj hniav kub.

Opal thiab nws hom

Qee cov opals ci txawv xim, ci ntsa iab hauv lub teeb, thaum lwm tus tsis cuam tshuam. Lawm, cov beaming nuggets kim dua, tab sis txhua yam ntawm opal yog zoo txaus.

Ntau yam ntawm opals, suav nrog xim, ci ntsa iab, pob tshab, hardness, impurities yog raws li hauv qab no:

• YSemi-opal, opal jasper. Cov txheej txheem ntawm nws keeb kwm yog txuam nrog huab cua ntawm silica silicate pob zeb.
• Ntoo opal. Nws muaj cov qauv ntoo, tsim los ntawm kev hloov ntoo nrog opal.
• Silicon tuff. Ib hom pob zeb uas ua rau hauv qhov dej kub.
• Triple, polished slate. Loose mass tsim los ntawm kev tso nyiaj ntawm cov kab mob.
• Noble. Gemstone, pob tshab los yog translucent, dawb, daj, xiav, dub ntxoov.
• Txoj Kev. Semi-precious nugget ntawm ntau qib ntawm pob tshab, tsis muaj overflows.
• Zoo. Muaj ntau hom opal, tsis muaj niam-ntawm-pearl ua si, muaj ntxoov daj thiab liab. Mined hauv Mexico, Qaib ntxhw, Kazakhstan.
• Dub. Ib hom pob zeb kim ntawm ib qho ntxoov ntxoo tsaus. Nws lub hauv paus yog dub, tsaus xiav, ntshav.
• Boulder. Interlayer hauv pob zeb ferruginous, rhyolites, bas alts.
• Nyob. Muaj lub ntsej muag daj daj, nplua nuj amber xim.
• Gialitis. Lub pov haum dej pob tshab nrog vine-zoo li crusts ntawm mosses thiab lichens.
• Hydrofan. Dej pob zeb nrog cov qauv ntxeem tau. Sau nrog noo noo, nws dhau los ua translucent nrog overflows.
• Girasol. Translucent pob zeb nrog xiav reflections.
• Irisopal. Khoom xim, xim tsis muaj xim rau xim av.
• Cacholong. Nws yog kev sib xyaw ntawm chalcedony, quartz, porcelain opal, milky, dawb.
• Peruvian opal. Nws muaj qhov pom tseeb zoo. Pob zeb ntawm liab, xiav, xiav ntxoov.
• Ntsuab. Pob zeb opaque, me ntsis zoo li jade, tab sis ci dua.
• Chrysopals. Lub teeb ntsuab opaque pob zeb.
• Prazopal. Paj yeeb, xiav, xiav opals.

Natural stone

Opal belongs rau tsev neeg quartz, tab sis, tsis zoo li nws, tsis muajsiv lead ua qauv thiab muaj ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej. Lub sij hawm maturation ntawm lub pob zeb, paub los ntawm thawj xyoo caum ntawm peb era, kav ib puas xyoo.

Tus nqi siab ntawm ntuj opal yog vim muaj qhov tseem ceeb xws li:

1. Lub pov haum rarity. Opal hniav nyiaj hniav kub belongs rau qeb hwm. Mining qhov chaw ntawm cov ntxhia muaj ntau dua hauv Australia (90%) thiab Ethiopia (10%), nws kuj pom muaj nyob hauv Asmeskas thiab Brazil. Ntawm tag nrho cov nuggets mined, feem ntau ntawm lawv yog dawb crystalline opals. Kwv yees li 5% yog opals dub, kim thiab noble pob zeb - 1-2%.
2. Kev hlub ntawm ib tug nugget. Ntuj opal tuaj yeem npog nrog cov kab nrib pleb txawm nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov extraction ntawm lub plab hauv lub ntiaj teb. Qee cov minerals tsis zam kev ua thiab polishing. Ntawm ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov pob zeb, tsuas yog cov pob zeb me me tuaj yeem ua cov khoom dai.

Nws tsis tuaj yeem sau tau ib txoj hlua hlaws lossis ib txoj hlua nrog cov pob zeb ntawm tib lub zog thiab qhov loj, yog li qhov kev thov rau kev tsim cov khoom siv dag zog tau loj hlob.

Yuav ua li cas qhia opal tiag los ntawm tus cuav?

Lub pob zeb kim dua thiab zoo nkauj, qhov kev ntxias ntau dua los tsim nws cov analogue, thiab cov lus nug ntau tus neeg siv khoom muaj thaum yuav khoom.

Ntawm no yog yuav ua li cas qhia lub ntuj opal los ntawm kev coj ua:

1. Txoj kev txawv txawv tab sis qhov tseeb los kuaj xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm opal yog muab lub pob zeb rau ntawm tus nplaig: yog tias nws yog khoom cuav, nws yuav lo, uas yuav tsis tshwm sim nrog cov txiaj ntsig tiag.
2. Influenced los ntawm tshav ntuj ntujib lub pob zeb dag nyob rau hauv xib-teg ntawm koj txhais tes yuav xim nws nyob rau hauv ib tug zaj sawv xim. Yog hais tias muaj ib tug fake nyob rau hauv pem hauv ntej ntawm tus neeg yuav khoom, yuav tsis muaj overflows.
3. qauv. Yog hais tias opal yog tiag tiag, cov qauv hauv nws sab hauv tsis rov ua dua, cov xim ntawm cov ntxhia tseem tsis sib xws. Yog tias lub pob zeb yog dag, koj tuaj yeem pom qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm nws qhov ci, thiab cov qauv yuav zoo ib yam.
4. Txheej. Kos npe ntawm hluavtaws opal. Cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yog cov strips, cov khoom txuas rau ib leeg. Ib qho ntxhia ntuj tsis tuaj yeem muaj cov qauv zoo sib xws.
5. Txoj kev pom tseeb. Yog hais tias lub pob zeb muaj xim dawb, milky dawb, qhov no yog cov cuab yeej ntawm ntuj opal. Yog tias pom lub hauv paus tsaus, lub pob zeb yog hluavtaws.
6. Npaj. Yog tias koj tuaj yeem saib lub pob zeb hauv qab lub iav tsom iav, cov pob zeb dag muaj cov kab nrib pleb me me uas muaj huab cua. Cov npuas no tau tsim vim qhov kub sib txawv thaum lub sij hawm ua iav.
7. Pob zeb ntawm cov xim khaus heev - liab liab, tshuaj lom ntsuab - feem ntau yog cuav.

Gemological kuaj yog txoj kev txhim khu kev qha tshaj plaws ntawm kev txheeb xyuas qhov tseeb ntawm opal, txawm li cas los xij, nws tau them. Tab sis cov txheej txheem piav qhia yuav pab kom tsis suav nrog kev dag ntxias los ntawm cov neeg xa khoom tsis raug cai.

Tus nqi

Opal yog cov ntxhia zoo nkauj heev, thiab qhov kev thov rau nws tau loj hlob tas li. Tus nqi ntawm cov pob zeb ua tiav uas hnyav ib carat muaj tus nqi kwv yees li 100 las. Tus nqi ntawm opal nce raws li nws qhov loj tuaj thiab yuav luag sib npaug ntawm tus nqi kub. Peb-carat opal tuaj yeem yuav tau rau $ 200, ib qho rau-carat opal rau$300.

Natural pob zeb hlaws yuav raug nqi ntawm $150 txog $450. Tus nqi ntawm qhwv ntsej nrog opals nyob ntawm cov khoom siv ntawm lub thav duab, hom gems thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxiv uas tsim cov khoom. Hom pob zeb tseem yuav cuam tshuam tus nqi ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub: dub yog suav tias yog kim tshaj plaws. Lub kauj-toog npab ua los ntawm cov pob zeb ntawm lub hauv paus chiv keeb yog kwv yees li ntawm 7,000 los yog 20,000 rubles, nyob ntawm seb tus neeg tsim khoom.

Vim tias muaj pob zeb ntuj tsawg heev hauv qhov xwm txheej thiab cov neeg siv khoom xav tau tsis tuaj yeem ua tau raws li, lub pob zeb dag tau tshwm sim hauv khw. Synthetic keeb kwm ho txo tus nqi ntawm opal. Thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm nws cov ntau lawm yog li ntawd txhim kho qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tseem zoo heev. Nws qhov zoo dua yog tias cov khoom siv opal yog cov qauv siv tau ntev dua thiab muab lub tswv yim ntawm cov thev naus laus zis siv.

Tsis txaus ntseeg tus nqi ntawm cov hluavtaws opal qhia tias qhov tsis zoo tsis zoo. Ib pob zeb raug nqi 130 rubles ib gram.

Kev tsim cov khoom siv opal

Tom qab kawm txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub pob zeb thiab ua tsaug rau lub tshuab ntsuas hluav taws xob, nws tau dhau los ua cov khoom siv hluavtaws opal. Thawj thev naus laus zis tau patented hauv xyoo 1964 los ntawm Australian cov kws tshawb fawb A. Gaskin thiab P. Darre.

Thiab xyoo 1973, nyob rau hauv kev coj noj coj ua ntawm Pierre Gilson, ib lub tuam txhab Swiss tau muab ntau yam kev coj ua opals, tus nqi uas yog ob peb zaug qis dua li ntuj tsim.

Kev sib txuas ntawm opals yog ua los ntawmntau kauj ruam:

• Los ntawm hydrolysis ntawm cov organic silicon tebchaw nyob rau hauv ib qho kev daws ntawm dej, cawv thiab ammonia, globules ntawm tib qhov loj yog tsim, tom qab uas lawv raug rau cov txheej txheem ntawm centrifugation nyob rau hauv lub resulting suspension.
• Nyob rau hauv cov kauj ruam tom ntej, cov khoom yog compacted los ntawm impregnating nrog silica sol thiab calcined nyob rau hauv ib tug autoclave (ntawm 600 ° C) kom muaj zog.

Opal tseem loj hlob hauv chav kuaj. Nyiv thiab Australian jewellery tuam txhab uas muag, zoo li tus Fabkis discoverer ntawm thev naus laus zis, kuj nyiam cov pob zeb synthesis.

Ntau cov ntaub ntawv nrog cov yas thiab iav hauv lawv cov muaj pes tsawg leeg tuaj yeem muaj qhov zoo ib yam li opal. Qhov siab ntawm porosity ua rau nws muaj peev xwm xim pob zeb dag nrog ntau yam khoom: resins, iav.

Nyob zoo

Muaj cov khoom siv dag zog ntawm kev muag, tab sis koj tuaj yeem yuav ennobled ntuj pob zeb. Precious, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog dub nuggets, yog tsawg heev, yog li imitation opal yog nrov.

Lub npe hu ua doublets yog pob zeb muag, sab sauv ntawm uas yog cov pob tshab, thiab sab qis yog lub hauv paus tsaus nti. Yog li, cov tsos ntawm hluavtaws opal yog ze li sai tau rau ntuj. Yog tias koj saib cov khoom hauv profile, koj tuaj yeem pom ciam teb ntawm kev kho ntawm ob txheej. Tus nqi ntawm cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub yog ob peb zaug qis dua qhov tiag.

Triple thev naus laus zis suav nrog txuas lub pob tshab rau lub hauv paus. Lwm txoj kev - impregnationhaus luam yeeb. Nws cov khoom yog khaws cia rau hauv thiab muab cov khoom ci ntau dua.

Refined Artificial Opal yog kim dua li nws cov qauv zoo tib yam. Cov neeg muag khoom tuaj yeem qhia txog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua lub pob zeb, nws muaj pes tsawg leeg los ntawm ob lossis peb ntu, tab sis tib lub sijhawm zais qhov tseeb ntawm cov xim. Nws yog tsim nyog them sai sai rau lub peculiarity ntawm cov khoom uas nws sab sauv, tiag tiag thiab precious txheej tsis nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov tob.

Yuav ua li cas tu pob zeb?

Lub pov haum yog qhov zoo nkauj heev, thiab txhawm rau kom nws khaws nws cov khoom zoo thiab tsis qhuav tawm, nws raug nquahu kom hnav nws tas li ntawm lub cev. Opal tsej tsis xav tau kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb, tab sis yog tias nws yog lub nplhaib, nws yuav tsum raug tshem tawm thaum ua haujlwm hauv tsev. Ntawm cov av qis, cov ntxhia ua tawg thiab ua huab. Cov tshuaj siv tshuaj kuj tseem contraindicated rau opal.

Soap soap yog siv los ntxuav lub pob zeb. Koj tuaj yeem siv cov txhuam hniav uas tsis muaj zog, nrog rau ua ntej cia cov khoom sawv ntsug hauv dej. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom yog qhwv hauv daim ntaub ntub dej thiab tso rau hauv qab lub hnub ci rau ob peb teev.

Tau qhov tsis muaj zog ntawm cov ntxhia, nws tuav yuav tsum tau ceev faj heev. Nws yog qhov zoo dua los khaws opal rau hauv lub thawv thiab cov ntaub so ntswg tshwj xeeb, uas yuav tiv thaiv lub pob zeb los ntawm kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.

Daim ntawv thov kev lag luam

Opal yog siv hauv kev lag luam hniav nyiaj hniav kub, cov khoom me me - hauv cov khw muag khoom zoo nkauj los kho cov rau tes. Polished daim hlau ntawm pob zeb yog txuas nrog onyx, obsidian, iav dub. Vim nws tsis muaj zog, opal tau impregnatedcov khoom siv dag zog, roj tau siv rau nws qhov chaw, thiab cov thav ntawv muaj zog tau tsim rau nws.

Crushed pob zeb thiab cov qauv me me tuaj yeem ua cov khoom dai rau cov nyees khawm, hairpins, brooches, cufflinks, purses, hniav nyiaj hniav kub thawv thiab lwm yam accessories.

Pob zeb nrog opal nyob rau hauv muaj pes tsawg leeg - diatomites, tripoli, hwj - raw khoom rau kev tsim cov cement thiab lwm yam khoom siv hauv tsev.

Ntiaj teb qhov tseeb

Ntau yam kev ntseeg tau ua rau muaj qhov tseeb tias opal tau dhau los ua lub cim paub tsis meej hauv kev ua khawv koob, alchemy, thiab muaj ntau hauv kev tsim cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub. Lo lus "opal" yog Sanskrit thiab Greek keeb kwm.

Ntawm qhov tseeb txog opal:

• Opals pom muaj ntau qhov sib txawv thoob plaws ntiaj teb, thiab xyoo 2008 lawv kuj tau pom nyob rau Mars.
• Rau qee lub sijhawm, tripol yog ib feem ntawm dynamite. Cov pob zeb loj tshaj plaws thiab muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws muaj nqi ntawm $ 2.5 lab.
• Opal is the official symbol of South Australia and the women's basketball team.

Legends of the stone:

• Ancient tales about Zeus muaj ib zaj dab neeg hais txog yuav ua li cas, nyob rau hauv yeej lub titans, lub kua muag ntawm ib tug vajtswv los ua opals.
• Raws li Australian lus dab neeg, tus Creator tau nqis los saum ntuj los tshaj tawm nws txoj kev paub rau tib neeg, thiab nws txhua kauj ruam hauv ntiaj teb tau cim nrog zaj sawv xim ntawm opal.
• Raws li Indian lus dab neeg, tus vajtswv poj niam ntawm kev hlub, zais ntawm kev tsim txom ntawm cov txiv neej, tsoo rau hauv pob zeb zoo nkauj.

Magic thiab kho cov khoom

Nws ntseeg tias opal coj nwscalmness rau tus tswv, pab nrog cov kab mob plawv, fainting, stabilizes lub hauv paus paj hlwb, tshem tawm tics thiab convulsions ntev, txhim kho digestion. Lub pob zeb tiv thaiv tus tswv ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm kev xav, sib npaug ntawm nws tus mob.

Yog tias koj tsis txhob muab koj ob lub qhov muag tawm ntawm opal rau lub sijhawm ntev, qhov pom kev zoo dua, lub siab intraocular txo qis, cov menyuam kawm ntawv tau txais qhov sib nqus radiance. Lithotherapists pom zoo siv opal rau kev nyuaj siab, insomnia, kom rov zoo los ntawm kev ntxhov siab.

Nyob hauv Is Nrias teb, lawv ntseeg tias opal ua rau lub siab lub siab, rhuav tshem kev ntshai thiab kev xav tsis zoo, thiab txhim kho kev sib raug zoo hauv tsev neeg. Ntawm cov neeg European, lub pob zeb no tau dhau los ua lub cim ntawm kev phooj ywg, kev cia siab, kev zoo siab, kev hlub. Lub amulet opal tau suav hais tias yog tus tiv thaiv muaj zog los ntawm lub qhov muag phem, nws qhia txog kev paub txog yav tom ntej. Nws cov khoom siv yees siv kuj suav nrog kev nyiam ua tiav hauv txhua yam, txhim kho clairvoyance.

Raws li cov kws tshawb fawb esotericists, opal dub tuaj yeem ua mob rau tus neeg uas muaj tus cwj pwm tsis muaj zog vim nws txoj kev ntshaw rau kev lom zem, vim nrog rau ntau yam cuam tshuam nws ua rau muaj kev mob siab rau. Cov pob zeb no ua kom muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas, ua kom muaj tswv yim rau tus kheej.

Lub pob zeb dawb txhim kho lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm sab ntsuj plig, coj kev sib haum xeeb thiab kev thaj yeeb. Rau ib tus neeg txawj ntse, opal dhau los ua tus pabcuam hauv kev txhim kho lub peev xwm, pab cov kws kho mob thiab kws kho hlwb, txhim kho kev ua siab ntev thiab kev khuv leej. Thiab kev teeb tsa kub ua kom cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.

Hluav taws kub opals qhia txiv neej, sensuality, txiav txim siab, tus kheej txaus. Blue thiab xiav mineralspab kom ua tiav cov hom phiaj, txhawm rau txhawm rau lub zog tsim nyog txhawm rau txhawm rau tsom mus rau qhov raug.