Rickets hauv menyuam yaus: duab, cim, tsos mob thiab kev kho mob

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:45

Raws li txoj cai, muaj tsawg tus menyuam noj qab nyob zoo. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov kab mob hauv cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua ib xyoos yog rickets. rickets yog dab tsi? Vim li cas thiaj txaus ntshai thiab vim li cas nws tshwm sim? Yuav kho nws li cas thiab kev tiv thaiv zoo li cas los ua kom tsis txhob muaj tus kab mob no? Txhua yam yog piav qhia hauv kab lus no.

tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?

Thaum lo lus "rickets" sawv daws xav txog ib tug me nyuam uas muaj plab plab, nyias thiab tsis muaj zog ntawm caj npab thiab txhais ceg. Tab sis daim duab kho mob yuav dav dua.

Rickets tsis yog kab mob ntawm ib yam khoom tshwj xeeb, nws yog ib qho teeb meem metabolic cuam tshuam nrog tsis muaj cov as-ham.

Koj tuaj yeem tham txog rickets thaum koj pom tias tsis muaj vitamin D, uas yog lub hauv paus ntawm phosphorus-calcium metabolism. Nws yog cov vitamin no uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov pob txha thiab cov leeg nqaij ntawm tus menyuam.

Tus kab mob no muaj hnub nyoog li cas?

Kev kuaj mob rickets hauv tus menyuam muaj ib hlis yog qhov nyuaj. Thawj cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob pib tshwm sim thaum muaj hnub nyoog 1-2 lub hlis, thiabdaim duab tsuas yog tshwm los ntawm 3-6 lub hlis.

Feem ntau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos raug cuam tshuam. Kev loj hlob ntawm rickets nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam loj yog tsawg heev. Yog tus me nyuam tsis tau kuaj tus kab mob ua ntej lub sij hawm no, ces koj tsis txhob txhawj.

Cov menyuam yaus ntawm txhua lub tebchaws raug cuam tshuam los ntawm rickets. Tus kab mob no tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov neeg nyob rau sab qaum teb. Qhov tsis muaj hnub ci thiab qhov tsawg kawg nkaus ntawm cov zaub tshiab noj qab haus huv, txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab tshuaj ntsuab yog cov khub ntawm rickets.

Vim li cas rickets txaus ntshai?

Tam sim no, kev tiv thaiv kab mob loj tau ua tiav, tab sis nws tseem cuam tshuam. Rickets tsis txaus ntshai rau lub neej, tab sis nws nqa ntau lub sijhawm tsis zoo, suav nrog:

• kev mob nkeeg;
• kev tiv thaiv kev tiv thaiv;
• hypoxia.

Tus kab mob nws tus kheej tsis txaus ntshai li nws qhov tshwm sim. Piv txwv li, cov menyuam ntxhais tuaj yeem txhim kho lub plab rachitic pelvis, uas yav tom ntej yuav ua rau nyuaj rau kev yug menyuam lossis ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam rau kev yug menyuam.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj rickets loj hlob tuaj qeeb qeeb ntawm lub cev thiab lub hlwb, uas txwv tsis pub ntau tus menyuam tuaj koom kev kawm thiab kev loj hlob.

Rickets distors tus qauv ntawm cov pob txha. Lub pob txha taub hau thiab txha nraub qaum tau pom muaj kev cuam tshuam.

Tus kab mob tshwm sim rau ntau yam, suav nrog tsis yog sab hauv, tab sis kuj sab nraud.

Cov menyuam yaus tsim rickets vim kev ua neej nyob hauv cev xeeb tubpoj niam. Yog tias nws tsis tau txais cov vitamins txaus, muaj tus cwj pwm phem, tsis tshwm sim ntau hauv huab cua thiab lub hnub - tag nrho cov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob hauv tus menyuam hauv plab.

Thaum cev xeeb tub, pom zoo kom tsom mus rau cov khoom noj uas muaj calcium ntau li ntau tau.

yug ntxov ntxov tuaj yeem ua rau rickets hauv menyuam yaus, vim tias menyuam mos tau txais calcium ntau tshaj plaws hauv lub hli dhau los ntawm cev xeeb tub.

Kev yug me nyuam thaum lub caij txias, thaum tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob ultraviolet, kuj yog tus kab mob.

Kev cuam tshuam cov metabolism hauv lub cev tuaj yeem yog kev hloov pauv ntawm tus menyuam thaum ntxov mus rau qhov sib xyaw, tsis txaus lossis noj ntau dhau. Tsis txhob muab rau koj tus menyuam noj, tsis txhob pub nws raws sijhawm. Koj yuav tsum muab tus menyuam tso rau hauv lub mis raws li qhov nws xav tau, thiab tsis txhob muab nws mus txog thaum nws puv.

Rickets tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm lub cev. Cov kab mob thyroid tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev loj hlob ntawm rickets.

Rickets hauv menyuam yaus thiab hnub ci

Tib neeg daim tawv nqaij muaj peev xwm tsim cov vitamin D, uas, raws li peb tau hais, yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev tsim cov pob txha thiab cov leeg. Cov vitamin no tsim muaj ntau hauv lub cev thaum taug kev hauv lub hnub. Tsis xav tsis thoob cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom noj huab cua thiab sunbathing.

Txawm tias leej niam feem ntau taug kev nrog nws tus menyuam, cia lub hnub tuaj rau ntawm nws daim tawv nqaij, rickets tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov tseeb yog tias cov pa luam yeeb, plua plav thiab cov tsev tuab tuab ntawm cov nroog loj tiv thaiv lawv los ntawm kev nkag mus rau tag nrhosunbeams rau hauv av.

Cov xim ntawm daim tawv nqaij yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm lub peev xwm los tsim cov vitamin D. Qhov tsaus nti ntawm cov epidermis, qhov sib xyaw ua ke qis dua.

Yuav ua li cas cov zaub mov muaj vitamin D?

Lub hnub zoo, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus tuaj yeem nkag mus tau tag nrho: thaj av sab qaum teb, ecology phem, thiab lwm yam. Ntxiv rau hnub ci, vitamin D tuaj yeem tau los ntawm cov zaub mov, thiab nws qhov tsis txaus lossis tsis tuaj yeem ua rau cov menyuam yaus.

Cholecalciferol yog tsiaj-derived vitamin D thiab tsim tau ntau tshaj li ergocalciferol, cov nroj tsuag-derived vitamin.

Qhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm cholecalciferol muaj nyob hauv cov khoom noj hauv qab no:

• qe qe;
• nqaij qaib thiab ntses siab;
• cod fat;
• miv;
• butter.

Tau kawg, tag nrho cov khoom no yuav tsum tsis txhob muab rau cov menyuam mos, tab sis lawv tuaj yeem noj tau los ntawm niam laus, thiab cov vitamins yuav nkag mus rau tus menyuam lub cev los ntawm cov mis nyuj.

Kab mob ntawm lub raum thiab daim siab yog qhov ua rau rickets, vim vitamin D hloov dua siab tshiab los ntawm lawv, kev nqus ntawm cov vitamin tshwm sim los ntawm txoj hnyuv me. Yog hais tias ib yam dab tsi tsis ncaj ncees lawm nyob rau hauv tsawg kawg yog ib lub cev, muaj malfunctions, ces rickets yuav loj hlob.

Nws tsis pom zoo kom haus cov nplej ntau hauv cov zaub mov, vim tias lawv muaj phenobarbital, phytates thiab glucocorticosteroids, uas thaiv cov vitamin D receptors..

Yuav ua li cas txheeb xyuas qhov tsis muaj vitamin D?

Cov duab ntawm rickets hauv cov menyuam yaus (nws cov tsos mob) tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus no. Tab sis txhawm rau txiav txim siab thaum ntxov ntawm qhov tsis muaj vitamin D yog qhov tseeb tiag. Tau kawm tias tus menyuam tsis muaj cov tshuaj no, koj tuaj yeem ntsuas nws kom sai li sai tau.

Cov tsos mob hauv qab no qhia tias tsis muaj vitamin D:

1. Tus me nyuam ua tsis taus pa, lossis, hloov pauv, tsis muaj laj thawj.
2. Irritability thiab khaus tshwm. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, tus menyuam tig nws lub taub hau mus rau ntau qhov kev taw qhia kom tshem tawm qhov tsis xis nyob, uas ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov plaub hau nyob rau sab nraub qaum.
3. Tus me nyuam tawm hws ntau. Qhov tsw ntawm hws yog qaub. Vim yog tawm hws, khaus feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm tus menyuam lub cev - prickly heat.
4. Tus me nyuam yuav pib flinch vim lub suab ntse, yav tas los paub.

Tag nrho cov tsos mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim huab cua qhuav, cua sov thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm tus menyuam. Tab sis lawv kuj tuaj yeem yog thawj cov cim qhia ntawm rickets. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob tos kom txhim kho, koj yuav tsum qhia tus menyuam rau tus kws kho mob.

Yog tias koj tsis xyuam xim rau thawj cov tsos mob, ces rickets tuaj yeem loj tuaj, thiab los ntawm 8 lub hlis cov tsos mob hauv qab no yuav tshwm sim:

1. Cov pob txha ntawm lub dab teg yog compacted, thiab cov tav qis pib loj tuaj.
2. Tus menyuam lub plab thiab lub hauv pliaj yuav ua kom pom tseeb dua.
3. Lub taub hau yuav pib loj hlob tsis zoo thiab tawm hws ntau.
4. Vim cov leeg tsis muaj zog, tus menyuam yuav tsis tuaj yeem nkag tsis tau xwb, tab sis kuj zaum ntawm nws tus kheej, uas tsis zoo rau 8 lub hlis.
5. Lub fontanel yuav tsum nresntsws thiab pib nthuav.
6. Tus me nyuam feem ntau shudders nyob rau hauv nws pw tsaug zog.
7. Tus me nyuam lub puab tsaig tshee hnyo thaum quaj.
8. ua tsis taus pa, ntxhov siab vim.
9. Ua pa ua tsis sib xws, tsoo - vim yog deformation ntawm lub hauv siab thiab diaphragm nrog kev loj hlob ntawm cov tav qis.
10. Phalanges ntawm ntiv tes nce.

Yog tib lub sijhawm koj tsis saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab kev mob ntawm tus menyuam, ces rickets yuav nce ntxiv. Thaum tus me nyuam tseem taug kev, qhov nkhaus ntawm qhov qis qis yuav pib, nws tuaj yeem sau tseg:

1. pob txha qeeb - lub cev loj hlob tab sis ob txhais ceg tsis ua.
2. Ob txhais ceg yuav pib khoov - arc lossis "X".
3. Lub plab mog yuav ua kom tiaj tus.
4. Cov pob txha ntawm cov ceg qis yuav dav dua.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj rickets pib taug kev sai dua li lawv cov phooj ywg. Qhov no yog vim qhov curvature thiab thinning ntawm cov pob txha, uas nyuaj rau kev txhawb nqa lub cev hnyav. Cov nqaij ntawm cov me nyuam mob yog sluggish thiab tsis muaj zog. Vim li no, tus menyuam yuav pib txav mus los ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm rickets hauv cov menyuam yaus kuj pom tau thaum taug kev. Txoj kev taug yog tsis ruaj khov, tsoo, cov kauj ruam nqaim, thiab ob txhais ceg tuaj yeem sib tw. Cov ko taw kuj deformed, thaum taug kev nws pom tau tias tus me nyuam yog clubfoot. Tom qab taug kev, tus me nyuam yuav yws yws ntawm qhov qaug zog thiab mob ntawm ob txhais ceg. Feem ntau cov menyuam no thov kom tuav tom qab taug kev luv luv.

Muaj cov tsos mob ntawm rickets hauv cov menyuam yaus thaum kos duab, ua qauv thiab lwm yam kev ua ub no uas koom nrog kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov ntiv tes. Tus menyuam yuav tuav tsis tautxhuam, xaum, nws yuav tsis muaj peev xwm yob ib lub pob ntawm plasticine - tag nrho cov no yog vim deformation ntawm cov pob txha thiab pob qij txha.

Cov calcium uas qis tuaj yeem ua tsis tau tsuas yog hauv cov pob txha, tab sis kuj hauv cov ntshav. Hauv qhov xwm txheej zoo li no, rickets hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qaug dab peg. Cov kws kho mob hu tus mob no spasmophilia, thiab nws tshwm sim feem ntau nyob rau lub caij nplooj ntoos hlav.

rov qab theem

Ib tug me nyuam pib rov qab los ntawm nws tus kheej hauv xyoo peb ntawm lub neej. Tus txha nraub qaum yog ua raws, cov pob txha, pob qij txha, loj thaum lub sij hawm tus kab mob, rov qab los, ob txhais ceg ua txawm.

Mob hauv ob txhais ceg ploj tom qab taug kev thiab tawm dag zog lub cev, kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo rov qab los.

Yog tias thaum muaj 4-5 xyoos tus menyuam tseem muaj qhov nkhaus ntawm ob txhais ceg, ces qhov no hu ua rickets ntev. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, cov pob txha tseem yuav loj hlob qeeb, qeeb hauv kev txhim kho ntawm lub cev muaj zog yuav txuas ntxiv mus.

Ib nqe lus nug tsim nyog tshwm sim: yog tias qib vitamin D tsawg yuav raug liam rau kev txhim kho tus kab mob, yog vim li cas ho tsis muab tshuaj rau txhua tus menyuam mos? Qhov no yuav tsis daws qhov teeb meem, thiab rickets tseem yuav cuam tshuam. Qhov tseeb yog tias nrog peb txoj kev ua neej, thaum nws tsis tuaj yeem mus taug kev tsis tu ncua nrog tus menyuam hauv qab lub hnub, lub teeb ultraviolet tsis tuaj yeem muab cov vitamin xav tau. Txawm tias thaum taug kev, plua plav thiab cov tsev tuab tuaj yeem cuam tshuam. Nyob hauv kev lag luam ntiag tug, koj kuj tsis tuaj yeem "kib" rau lub hnub ci ntev - qhov no yog contraindicated tsis yog rau cov menyuam yaus xwb, tab sis kuj rau cov laus.

Tus menyuam loj hlob sai, qhov nws xav tau ntau duanyob rau hauv vitamin D. Nws tsis muaj peev xwm kuj yuav tshwm sim los ntawm untimely qhia ntawm complementary zaub mov - mashed qos yaj ywm, kua txiv, tsev cheese. Muaj ntau cov vitamin D hauv cov ntses, tab sis nws yuav tsum tsis txhob muab rau tus menyuam txog li ib xyoos. Cov roj ntses tau rov qab los rau hauv khw, tab sis nws tsis ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tiv thaiv lossis kho rickets hauv menyuam yaus.

Yuav ua li cas pab tshem tawm tus kab mob thiab tiv thaiv nws txoj kev loj hlob?

Vim li cas tus kws kho mob tsis sau tshuaj vitamin D?

Ntau tus kws kho mob, pom cov tsos mob ntawm rickets hauv menyuam yaus (daim duab tuaj yeem pom hauv kab lus, lawv hais tau tiag tiag), tawv ncauj tsis xav sau tshuaj vitamin D, uas muag hauv khw muag tshuaj. Feem ntau txhawb kom tsis kam lees txais cov hauv qab no:

• vitamin yog synthesized nyob rau hauv lub cev los ntawm provitamin, koj tsuas yog yuav tsum tau taug kev ntau nyob rau hauv lub hnub;
• menyuam mos noj nrog mis fortified nrog vitamin D;
• niam pub mis rau tus menyuam, thiab nws siv tshuaj vitamin complex;
• nws yog qhov zoo dua los qhia tsev cheese, uas yog nplua nuj hauv calcium, thiab tseem muab ob peb tee roj ntses.

Tab sis cov vitamin tau los ntawm cov mis, mis niam, tsev cheese thiab ntses roj tsis muaj peev xwm los them rau nws qhov tsis txaus hauv lub cev. Txawm tias ib koob tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vitamin D (1-2 tee ib hnub) yuav tsis kho rickets uas twb muaj lawm.

Tom qab yug los, tus me nyuam muaj vitamin me me, uas kis tau los ntawm leej niam. Tab sis los ntawm lub hli ntawm lub neej, nws qhov tsis txaus tshwm sim, uas yuav tsum tau rov ua dua.

Kev tiv thaiv kab mob rickets hauv menyuam yaus

Muaj ntau qhov kev txhawb nqa ntawm vitamin D ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv thaum menyuam yaus ib hnub lossis txhua hnubhnub muab ib tee ntawm cov tshuaj. Tab sis txoj kev tiv thaiv no tsis raug, nws yuav tsis ua haujlwm.

Cov chav kawm ntawm cov vitamin D rau kev tiv thaiv menyuam yaus rickets yog 200,000-400,000 IU. Ntawd yog, kev suav yuav tsum tau ua tsis yog los ntawm tee, tab sis los ntawm tus nqi ntawm cov vitamin D uas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov kev npaj yuav, uas yog xam nyob rau hauv IU (txhiab thoob ntiaj teb units).

Vitamin D_{2 accumulates nyob rau hauv daim siab, yog li nws pom zoo kom muab rau cov me nyuam los ntawm 1-1.5 lub hlis. Hoob - 20-25 hnub ntawm 8000-12000 IU ib hnub.}

Ob lub hlis tom qab kawm tiav, thaum tus menyuam tsis tau txais cov tshuaj vitamin ntxiv lawm, nws tus mob raug soj ntsuam thiab qhov teeb meem ntawm kev txuas ntxiv kev tiv thaiv lossis kev kho mob rickets hauv menyuam yaus yog txiav txim siab.

Yog tias tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm rickets, tom qab ntawd cov txheej txheem prophylactic rov ua dua nyob rau ib nrab ntawm lub neej.

Vitamin D_{3 yog ib qho aqueous, tsis oily tov uas tsis nyob rau hauv daim siab, tab sis yog sai sai tawm ntawm lub cev. Nws yuav tsum tau muab ntau zaus. Ib tee ntawm cov tshuaj muaj 500 IU ntawm cov vitamin, tab sis tsuas yog tus kws kho mob yuav sau cov tshuaj, raws li hnub nyoog, qhov hnyav ntawm tus menyuam, nrog rau nws cov khoom noj thiab kev loj hlob.}

Zoo rau me nyuam nyob rau hauv lub hnub. Qhov kev nyab xeeb thiab zoo tshaj plaws yog ua ntej 11 teev sawv ntxov thiab tom qab 5 teev tsaus ntuj. Tab sis tib lub sij hawm, tus me nyuam lub taub hau yuav tsum tau npog los ntawm Panama lub kaus mom, thiab lub ntsej muag thiab ob txhais tes tuaj yeem raug lub hnub rays tag nrho.

Tom qab rau lub hlis, tus menyuam yuav tsum tau noj tsev cheese, kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, purees (zaub, nqaij, nqaij qaib siab, ntses), hake ntses, cod thiab pike perch yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv. Kuj muab butter, qe qe(nqaij).

Yog tus me nyuam noj cereal ntau tshaj ib hnub, ces nws yuav xav tau kev tiv thaiv kab mob rickets.

Yuav ua li cas kho rickets hauv tus menyuam thaum tus kab mob tseem pib tshwm sim? Qhov no yog cov txheej txheem ntev uas yuav siv sij hawm ntau lub hlis, tsis yog ob peb lub lis piam, xws li SARS.

Hauv kev kho mob, kev kho mob dav dav thiab kev ntsuas orthopedic tau sau tseg. Pom zoo kho spa, zaws, da dej thiab raug tshav ntuj.

Thaum lub sijhawm kho rickets, tsis yog tsuas yog cov tshuaj vitamin D, tab sis kuj npaj muaj ntau cov calcium. Tus txheej txheem ntawm kev noj cov vitamins thiab koob tshuaj yog muab los ntawm tus kws kho mob uas tuaj koom.

Ntxiv rau cov tshuaj, tshuaj pleev ntawm ob txhais ceg, nraub qaum, pob tw. Ib zaug yuav tsum siv 20-25 feeb, thiab chav kawm yuav kav li ntawm 4 mus rau 5 lub lis piam - zaws txhua hnub. Ntau tus niam txiv tsis ntseeg txog qhov xwm txheej no. Tab sis massage rau rickets yog yuav tsum tau, nws tones cov leeg, normalizes ntshav ncig. Tus kws tshaj lij yuav ntswj thiab tig ob txhais ceg, rub lub nraub qaum, uas pab kho qhov nkhaus.

Tus menyuam uas muaj rickets xav tau kev thaj yeeb nyab xeeb thiab tsis muaj kev tawm dag zog lub cev. Nyob rau theem ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm tus kab mob, thaum muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm pob txha, splints thiab orthoses yog siv. Thomas apparatus kuj raug sau tseg, uas txo cov kev ntxhov siab ntawm ob txhais ceg thiab lub duav.

Cov menyuam yaus raug sau cov khau tiv thaiv kom hnav txawm nyob hauv tsev. Cov khau khiab tsuas tuaj yeem muab tso tseg tom qab rov qab los.

Thaum muaj qhov curvature tseem ceeb ntawm lub duav thiab sab ceg, kev ua haujlwm tau ua raucuam tshuam rau thaj tsam pob txha loj hlob. Nrog kev pab ntawm kev ua haujlwm, nws tuaj yeem kho qhov curvature thiab tiv thaiv kev txhim kho ntawm cov tshiab.

Lub sijhawm kho thiab cov txiaj ntsig nyob ntawm seb qhov kev kho mob pib thaum twg. Thaum koj siv tshuaj tua kab mob sai sai, koj tuaj yeem tshem tau sai, thiab qhov tshwm sim yuav tsawg heev.