Programmable neeg hlau rau menyuam yaus: tshuaj xyuas, tshuaj xyuas

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:25

Raws li cov kev tshawb fawb tshiab ntawm cov niam txiv ua los ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb hauv peb lub teb chaws, cov khoom siv neeg hlau rau cov menyuam yaus tau txais kev nyiam ntau dua, tsis yog ntawm cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab xwb, tab sis kuj ntawm 4-5-xyoos.

Tam sim no kev lag luam hauv tsev muaj kev xaiv loj ntawm cov khoom siv uas tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus txhua lub hnub nyoog, nrog ntau theem kev cob qhia thiab kev paub.

Txoj kev tsim kho

Txhua tus programmable robots tau koom ua ke tsis yog los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua si, tab sis kuj los ntawm kev kawm. Cov kws tsim qauv rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv feem ntau nrog rau cov ntawv ua haujlwm, phau ntawv kawm, cov ntsiab lus, cov ntaub ntawv qhia rau cov xibfwb. Cov khoom siv rau cov tub ntxhais hluas, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov menyuam kawm ntawv preschool, tsis yog tsim los siv cov ntaub ntawv qhia kev kawm loj, txawm li cas los xij, qhov no, tus menyuam tsis yog ua si xwb, tab sis kawm txog cov txheej txheem thiab cov cai ntawm lub cev hauv daim ntawv siv tau.

Undoubtedly, ib tug neeg hlau constructor rau cov me nyuam ntawm plaub mus rau rau xyoo tsis muaj kev sib dhos thiab kev pab cuam ntawm ib tug humanoid hauv. Nyob rau theem pib, neeg hlau yog kev kawm ntawm cov qauv, ua haujlwm nrog cov motors yooj yim, thiab lwm yam.

hnub nyoog pawg

Hnub no, kev tsim kho neeg hlau yog tsim rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog plaub txog kaum tsib. Ib qho kev xav zoo sib xws rau qib kev paub ntawm tus kws tsim qauv lossis tus kws tshaj lij: tus menyuam loj dua, qhov nyuaj dua cov qauv muab rau nws. Feem ntau cov tuam ntxhab muab cov qauv rau cov hnub nyoog hauv qab no:

4 txog 6 xyoo

Cov qauv yooj yim nrog cov ntsiab lus ci thiab loj thiab cov ntsiab lus ntxim nyiam. Feem ntau, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv no, tus me nyuam yog muab los sau lub dav hlau, tsheb, tsiaj nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tau txais thawj lub tswv yim ntawm dab tsi ib tug mechanism. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm cov kws tsim qauv rau cov menyuam yaus yog txhawm rau txhim kho tus menyuam lub cev muaj zog zoo, kev ua siab ntev, kev saib xyuas, kev txawj ntse, thiab qhia kev ua haujlwm pab pawg.

7 txog 9 xyoo

Robot tsim cov neeg hlau rau cov tub ntxhais kawm hluas tau txais kev nyuaj dua. Qhov no tuaj yeem hais tau ob qho tib si txog cov qauv lawv tus kheej thiab hais txog cov ncauj lus kawm. Cov menyuam yaus tau paub txog kev cai lij choj ntawm lub cev thiab cov xwm txheej hauv kev nthuav dav ntxiv, pib kawm txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm ntau yam sensors. Yog vim li no, xws li kev teeb tsa tau zoo siv hauv cov lus qhia physics. Ntau cov khoom siv tsis yog tsuas yog tsim lub tsheb xwb, tab sis kuj ua kom nws txav mus los: tsav tsheb raws txoj kab, tsav deb ntawm ntug rooj.

10 txog 15 xyoo

Programmable neeg hlau rau cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab, txhais tau hais tias yuav luag ua tiav hauv cov neeg hlau (tsis suav cov qauv thiab luam ntawv, txawm hais tias cov khoom siv los ntawm Fischertechnik tso cai rau koj los sib sau ua ke lub tshuab luam ntawv 3D tiag). Ua haujlwm nrog cov txheej txheem hauv qhov nothaum ua ke nrog cov programming - cov khoom siv tuaj yeem muab nrog cov programmable boards kom tus engineer yav tom ntej tuaj yeem pom lawv ua haujlwm li cas thiab sim teeb tsa cov lus txib lawv tus kheej.

LEGO

Ib lub npe nrov tshaj plaws thiab muaj npe nrov hauv ntiaj teb kuj yog tus thawj coj lees paub hauv kev kawm neeg hlau. Hauv ntau lub tsev kawm ntawv, nws yog nws cov khoom siv hauv chav kawm, uas yog qhov txawv ntawm lawv cov kev paub ntau yam, ntau yam khoom siv rau cov kws qhia ntawv, thiab muaj cov phau ntawv ua haujlwm.

Lub npe nrov muaj ntau txoj kab rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog sib txawv. Rau qhov tsawg tshaj plaws, "Thawj cov txheej txheem" (5+) lossis "Cov txheej txheem yooj yim" (7+) yog qhov tsim nyog. Cov chav kawm nrog cov neeg tsim qauv no tsis tas yuav muaj kev paub loj hauv cov neeg hlau, cov khoom siv tsuas yog paub cov menyuam yaus nrog lub tshuab ua haujlwm thiab nws ua haujlwm li cas. Lub neej yav tom ntej engineers yuav kawm seb levers, gears thiab ntau ua hauj lwm.

WeDo thiab WeDo 2 kab

Qhov khoom ua si neeg hlau no yog programmable, tso cai rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 7 txog 10 los sib sau ua ke thawj qhov tseeb. Cov khoom siv muaj ntau qhov chaw rau lub cev neeg hlau, nrog rau ntau yam ntawm cov sensors (qaij, txav), cov ntaub ntawv didactic, software.

Nyob rau hauv ib pab pawg yuav tsum tau faib cov neeg tsim qauv, uas cuam tshuam nrog cov ncauj lus ntsig txog tsis yog rau lub cev tshwm sim xwb, tab sis kuj rau qee qhov kev qhuab qhia, thev naus laus zis, piv txwv li. Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog Cov Khoom Siv Hluav Taws Xob Hluav Taws Xob, Pneumatics thiab lwm yam.

KEV SIB HLUB Kev KawmEV3

Cov no yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws LEGO lub tsev teeb muaj rau cov tub ntxhais kawm theem siab. Cov khoom siv tso cai rau koj los tsim ib lub programmable neeg hlau ua haujlwm puv puv nrog ntau lub sensors, uas tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog lwm cov neeg hlau los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom no.

Huna

Cov kws tshaj lij Kaus Lim Qab Teb, tsim cov programmable constructors rau cov menyuam yaus, ua raws li txoj cai - "Los ntawm yooj yim mus rau complex". Twb tau rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog 6 txog rau yim xyoo, lub hom phiaj muaj los sib sau ua ke cov txheej txheem yooj yim nrog lub cav, sensors uas txiav txim siab qhov deb, thiab suab. Cov txheej txheem zoo li no yog ua raws li cov qauv paub rau txhua tus menyuam yaus: tus phab ej ntawm cov dab neeg (piv txwv li, Thomas lub Tank Cav lossis cov cim los ntawm Peb Tus Npua), tsheb, tsiaj. Txhua lub teeb los nrog cov lus qhia meej uas yuav pab koj tus menyuam (nrog kev pab los ntawm cov neeg laus, tau kawg) sib sau ua qauv nthuav dav.

MRT (Kuv Lub Sijhawm Neeg Hlau)

Cov laus yuav txaus siab rau txoj kab no, uas koj tuaj yeem khaws cov teeb meem nyuaj dua. Tag nrho cov khoom siv suav nrog lub cev muaj zog, sensors thiab lwm yam tsim nyog. Lub ntsiab feature ntawm Huna programmable neeg hlau yog lub peev xwm los txuas qhov chaw ntawm tag nrho rau sab.

Kev nthuav dav ntawm lub tuam txhab yog cov khoom siv rau kev sib koom ua haujlwm, pab pawg ua haujlwm: cov txiv neej tuaj yeem tsim lub vaj tsiaj thiab txawm tias lub nroog lossis npau suav ntawm cov ntsiab lus "Lub Xyoo Tshiab thiab Christmas", "Kev Npau Suav thiab Kev Ntseeg".

Fischertechnik (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees)

Tsis qis dua rau cov neeg sib tw thiab cov chaw tsim khoom German no, uas tau npaj cov txheej txheem rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog sib txawv. Piv txwv li, rau cov neeg tsim khoom muaj hnub nyoog tsib xyoos thiab tshaj saud, "Kit for Me Nyuam" tau tsim, nrog rau "Super Kit for me me".

Txhua lub teeb yuav tso cai rau tus menyuam los tsim ntau lub dav hlau, tsheb, crane thiab lwm yam khoom nkag siab thiab paub.

Fischertechnik muab cov tub ntxhais kawm ntawv yau los daws cov teeb meem nyuaj. Piv txwv li, tsim lub tsheb uas siv lub hnub ci lossis lub tsheb laij teb uas tswj tau cov chaw taws teeb. Lub hom phiaj tau tsim cov khoom siv rau kev kawm kho qhov muag tshwm sim, pneumatics, roj hlwb, cov cai ntawm kev hloov pauv, thiab ntau lub cav. Cov txheej txheem kev kawm no thiab lwm yam kev kawm zoo sib xws yuav pab cov menyuam kom paub txog ntau yam ntawm lub tsev kawm ntawv cov chav kawm physics hauv kev ua si, tab sis, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, siv cov kev paub theoretical hauv kev xyaum.

Engino (Cyprus)

Lub npe nrov rau nws ntau yam ntawm kev kawm sib tham sib programmable robots. Tsis tas li ntawd, Engino muab cov thawj series rau cov ntxhais: cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov neeg tsim qauv yog ua los ntawm cov xim pastel, thiab cov qauv lawv tus kheej yog ze rau qhov zoo nkauj ib nrab ntawm tib neeg.

Mechanical Science thiab Discovering Stem

Nws tsis tuaj yeem hais txog cov koob no los ntawm Engino. Nrog lawv cov kev pab, tus menyuam yuav pom kev kawm ntau yam tshwm sim ntawm lub cev - kev ua haujlwm ntawm levers, cranks, wedges, tau paub txog cov cai ntawm Newton thiab hnub ci zog. Stem stands rau Science (science), Technology (technology), Engineering(Engineering) thiab Mathematics (mathematics). Cov neeg tsim qauv tau mob siab rau cov chaw no.

Makeblock (Lub Tebchaws Yelemees)

Cov neeg hlau txaus nyiam tshaj plaws uas tsim los ntawm lub tuam txhab no yog cov uas tuaj yeem siv rau lawv lub hom phiaj tom qab sib dhos. Piv txwv li, Airblock Drone lossis Laserbot engraver, uas tso cai rau koj los sib sau ua ke ib lub nkoj lossis hovercraft drone. Cov khoom siv tau nruab nrog txhua yam tsim nyog rau kev ua haujlwm tag nrho ntawm lub cuab yeej. Piv txwv li, ib tug hluas engraver yuav xav tau lub taub hau laser, software, brackets, thiab ntau dua.

Silverlit - programmable neeg hlau (36 lub luag haujlwm)

Qhov khoom siv thev naus laus zis tshwj xeeb los ntawm cov tuam txhab suav suav yog qhov txuj ci tiag tiag. Lub programmable neeg hlau muaj peb caug-rau lub luag haujlwm thiab tuaj nrog tus neeg hlau me me. Lub cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub teeb tuaj yeem:

• ua raws li kev ua ntu zus (tsis ntau tshaj peb caug-rau hauv ib lub voj voog), uas qhov nthuav tshaj plaws yog tig, ncaws, taug kev rov qab, qhia kev txhawj xeeb, seev cev, zam kev cuam tshuam;
• react rau suab nrov. Thaum npuaj deb ntawm Silverlit neeg hlau, nws ua suab nrov;
• tiv thaiv thaj chaw: tus neeg hlau ceeb toom tus menyuam nrog cov cim qhia tias muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam tau tshwm sim rau ntawm nws pem hauv ntej;
• sib txuas lus nrog koj tus mini Maxi Pals los ntawm lub teeb nyem;
• ci ntsa iab qhov muag, tig taub hau, txav pob qij txha thiab caj npab;
• tuav lub teeb khoom hauv tes.

Silverlit robots yog ua los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv zoo. Cov khoom siv suav nrog cov chaw taws teeb tswj uas tuaj yeem txuas rau sab nraub qaum ntawm tus neeg hlau kom yooj yim. Silverlit programmable neeg hlau me me. Cov khoom siv los nrog cov roj teeb, tab sis tsuas yog rau lub ntsiab, tus neeg hlau loj Maxi Pals.

Cov khoom ua si no yuav nyiam cov menyuam yaus txij li tsib xyoos. Cov neeg hlau zoo nkauj heev - thawj astronauts hnav khaub ncaws nyob rau hauv thawj spacesuits. Cov khoom ua si muaj lub sensor tshwj xeeb uas tso cai rau koj hla dhau qhov teeb meem thiab scan chaw.

Constructors-robots humanoid, programmable

Tej zaum, sai sai no cov neeg hlau hauv Android yuav dhau los ua tus pab cuam tseem ceeb rau cov niam tsev: lawv yuav muaj peev xwm ua noj thiab ntxuav lub tsev. Txog tam sim no, cov qauv no tsuas yog siv rau kev lom zem lossis kev kawm xwb.

YDarwin-mini

Robot hais los ntawm lub tuam txhab Robotic yog sib xws nrog tus tsim ntawm Dream series, tib hom. Qhov siab ntawm tus neeg hlau yog 26.95 cm, kaum xya servomotors yog siv rau kev txav mus los. Nws txav ntawm qhov ceev ntawm 24 cm / sec, lub roj teeb yog tsim rau ib nrab ib teev ntawm kev ua haujlwm tas mus li.

Cov khoom siv suav nrog Bluetooth module. Tab sis tsis muaj gyroscopic thiab lwm yam sensors hauv cov khoom siv no. Lub qhib platform tswj tswj cov neeg hlau. Nws tau nruab nrog plaub qhov chaw nres nkoj uas txuas ntxiv LED sensors, uas tsis suav nrog hauv cov khoom siv, tab sis tej zaum yuav xav tau los ua qee qhov ntxiv.cov haujlwm.

Qhov dawb RoboPlus software yog siv rau kev sib dhos ntawm programmed neeg hlau. Tus neeg hlau tus cwj pwm tuaj yeem raug programmed siv RoboPlus Task editor, thiab ntau txoj kev txav tuaj yeem raug programmed siv RoboPlus Motion program.

YBioloid Premium Kit

Kit los ntawm lub tuam txhab nto moo Korean Robotics. Ntxiv rau peb lub cev tib neeg, 26 cov txheej txheem sib txawv tuaj yeem sib sau los ntawm cov txheej txheem npaj. Cov khoom siv yog tsim los rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog kawm ntawv qib nrab thiab nruab nrab. Cov neeg hlau sib dhos muaj: lub gyroscope, ob lub teeb meem infrared sensors, 18 servomotors, infrared nrug sensor. Tsis tas li ntawd, tus tsim muaj xws li voltage sensors, kub sensors, microphone. Chaw taws teeb tswj suav nrog.

Kev tshuaj xyuas cov neeg siv khoom

Cov menyuam yaus lub programmable robots yog cov khoom ua si zoo siab uas tuaj yeem ntxim nyiam cov menyuam yaus thaum tseem hluas. Lawv tsim kev xav, kev xav, qhia cov menyuam yaus rau ntau qhov xwm txheej ntuj thiab cov cai ntawm lub cev. Ntau tus niam txiv hais tias cov kev ua si no tso cai rau lawv muaj sijhawm zoo nrog lawv cov menyuam.