Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:40

Ntau zaus, cov niam txiv nrhiav tswv yim los ntawm tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist nrog kev tsis txaus siab ntawm qhov mob ntawm pharyngeal tonsil thiab liab ntawm caj pas. Raws li kev kuaj mob, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas "adenoiditis". Kab lus tham txog dab tsi adenoids muaj nyob rau hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob, kev kho mob thiab kev tiv thaiv.

Pharyngeal tonsil, nws txoj haujlwm

Tonsils nyob rau hauv tib neeg nasopharynx yog ib qho txuam ntawm lymphoid cov ntaub so ntswg. Nrog cov txheej txheem pathological, nws txoj kev loj hlob tshwm sim. Hauv qhov no, cov kws kho mob kuaj xyuas "adenoiditis". Kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem yog kev saib xyuas lossis phais.

tag nrho 6 tonsils hauv lub cev:

• palatine - 2 daim;
• pipe - 2 daim;
• lus;
• pharyngeal.

Tag nrho cov tonsils, ua ke nrog cov lymphoid granules, tsim ib lub nplhaib lymphatic pharyngeal uas nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov nkag mus rau hauv cov hlab pa thiab cov hnyuv.

Lub pharyngeal tonsil pab tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm cov khoom siv kab mob. Nws ua raws li kev thaiv. Nws tseem yog nyob rau hauv cov tonsils uas lymphocytes tsim. Cov hlwb no yuav tsum muaj lub luag haujlwm rautiv thaiv lub cev los ntawm cov kab mob, kab mob thiab lwm yam kab mob lom.

Vim li cas adenoids tshwm

Enlarged nasopharyngeal tonsil ua rau cov tsos mob ntawm adenoids hauv tus menyuam lub qhov ntswg. Kev kho mob ntawm cov kab mob pathological pib tom qab rov qab los ntawm cov kab mob hauv qab. Adenoids feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm:

• kab mob kis dhau los (fluenza, qhua pias, mob ua pa nyuaj);
• kab mob nquag ntawm cov kab mob ua pa sab saud (laryngitis, tonsillitis, rhinitis, sinusitis);
• malnutrition;
• ib puag ncig phem (muaj roj, plua plav, tshuaj lom neeg).

Yog lub cev tawm tsam kev kis kab mob, cov tonsils loj tuaj thiab nquag tsim cov lymphocytes. Tom qab rov qab los, lawv rov qab mus rau lawv lub xeev qub. Tab sis yog tias tus me nyuam rov mob dua tom qab 2-3 lub lis piam tom qab kis tus kab mob, cov tonsils, tsis rov qab los rau lawv qhov qub, nce ntxiv. Cov txheej txheem no ua rau muaj kev mob ntxiv zuj zus, kev loj hlob thiab coarsening ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg lymphoid.

Adenoid tsos txheeb cais

Txheeb cais qhia tias kwv yees li ib nrab ntawm cov neeg mob tig mus rau tus kws kho mob ENT kom pab cov tsos mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus. Kev kho tus kab mob no yog ua raws li kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tshwj xeeb.

Feem ntau qhov teeb meem no tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus ntawm pawg preschool (hnub nyoog txog li 7 xyoo) thiab cov hnub nyoog pib (7-13 xyoo). Los ntawm cov hluas (13-14 xyoo), cov qog nqaij hlav lymphoid ntawm cov tonsils nws tus kheej txo qis mus rau qhov qubqhov ntau thiab tsawg thiab tsis ua rau muaj qhov tsis yooj yim dua.

Muaj cov kab mob sib cais ntawm kev kuaj mob adenoiditis hauv cov menyuam mos thiab cov menyuam yug tshiab. Nws kuj tau pom tias tus kab mob no tsis nyob ntawm kev sib deev ntawm tus menyuam. Cov ntxhais thiab cov tub muaj mob sib npaug sib npaug.

Tus kab mob no tuaj yeem thab tus neeg laus. Muaj ntau qhov laj thawj rau qhov no, ib qho ntawm cov kev kho mob tsis txaus (lossis tsis muaj) thaum yau.

Kev faib tawm thiab qib kab mob

Adenoiditis raws li tus kab mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua:

• Spicy. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim nws tus kheej nrog cov kab mob ua pa thiab lub sijhawm ntawm qhov kub siab txog 39 ºС. 5-7 hnub.
• Subacute. Nws kav li 3 lub lis piam. Nws feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob yav dhau los uas tsis tau kho. Tej zaum yuav nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias subfebrile.
• Ntawm. Lub sijhawm ntawm qhov mob sib txawv ntawm rau lub hlis. Raws li txoj cai, tsis tsuas yog cov tonsils ua rau mob xwb, tab sis kuj yog cov kab mob nyob ze ntawm qhov hnov (otitis media), ua pa (tracheitis, bronchitis) thiab cua sinuses (frontal sinusitis).

Tus kab mob tuaj yeem ua cov ntawv hauv qab no:

• catarrhal;
• purulent;
• exudative-serous.

Nyob ntawm qhov loj ntawm nasopharyngeal tonsil, tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab qib ntawm adenoids:

• 1 degree - nrog rau nws, tonsil feem ntau npog tsis pub ntau tshaj 1/3 ntawm vomer;
• 2 degree - cov tonsil npog yuav luag ib nrab ntawm cov pob txha ntawm lub qhov ntswg;
• 3 degree - tonsil sib tshoojcoulter ntawm 2/3;
• 4 degree - nrog rau nws, qhov ntswg qhov ntswg tau xyaum kaw, qhov ntswg ua pa nyuaj.

Nyob ntawm qib ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev kho mob yog ua los ntawm kws kho mob ntawm tus kheej.

Cov tsos mob hauv menyuam yaus

Feem ntau, qhov laj thawj ntawm kev mus ntsib kws kho mob tsis yog kev tsis txaus siab txog adenoids, tab sis kev hloov pauv ntawm tus menyuam tus cwj pwm: capriciousness, irritability, lethargy, nkees.

Cov tsos mob hauv qab no hauv tus menyuam qhia tias muaj tus kabmob:

• ua pa nyuaj thaum nruab hnub, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tsis zoo;
• snoring hmo;
• muaj mob khaub thuas ntau zaus thiab qhov ntswg tsis tu ncua, uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim ob qho tib si nrog cov paug tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg, thiab rov ua dua, nrog me me ntawm lawv;
• paroxysmal hnoos, uas tshwm sim ntau dua thaum hmo ntuj thiab nyob rau ib nrab ntawm hmo ntuj;
• mob hauv qhov tob ntawm qhov ntswg, tuaj yeem khaus thiab nias, ua rau mob taub hau;
• nce lub cev kub;
• hnov tsis hnov lossis mob pob ntseg;
• mob hauv cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab ntawm palpation;
• nyob rau hauv qhov mob hnyav - hloov qhov loj ntawm cov pob txha ntawm lub hauv siab (tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm qhov ntim ntawm nqus pa thiab exhalation).

txhawm rau kuaj xyuas thiab pib cov txheej txheem tsim nyog, nws txaus los kuaj pom ib tus tsos mob. Kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus pib nrog kev tshem tawm ntawm edema thiab normalization ntawm kev ua pa ua pa.

Txoj kev kuaj mob

Ua ntejpib kho mob ENT siv:

• tshuaj ntsuam;
• sib sau anamnesis;
• instrumental soj ntsuam.

Thaum kev kuaj xyuas lub qhov ncauj thiab lub caj pas, tsis tuaj yeem pom adenoids. Txhawm rau pom lawv, tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist siv daim iav tshwj xeeb. Cov txheej txheem hu ua posterior rhinoscopy. Nws yog cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau zoo, tab sis tuaj yeem ua rau lub gag reflex.

Txoj kev no tso cai rau koj los txiav txim siab qhov kev loj hlob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus. Kev kho mob yog muab tom qab kuaj.

Dhau ntawm caj pas, tus kws kho mob tshuaj xyuas qhov ntswg. Cov txheej txheem hu ua anterior rhinoscopy. Thaum kuaj, tus kws kho mob yuav hais kom tus menyuam nqos qaub ncaug los yog hais tias "teeb". Qhov no yuav tso cai rau koj pom qhov kev cog lus ntawm lub palate, uas ua rau cov adenoids hloov pauv.

Rau qhov kev ntsuam xyuas zoo dua thiab qhov kev kuaj pom tseeb tshaj plaws, cov kws kho mob tshwj xeeb siv qhov endoscope. Qhov no yog ib qho khoom siv kho qhov muag, uas yog lub raj hloov tau nrog lub koob yees duab thaum kawg. Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm yog:

1. Kev taw qhia rau hauv qhov ntswg qhov ntswg los ntawm qhov ntswg.
2. Saib txhua ntu ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg thiab nasopharynx ntawm lub vijtsam saib.

Kev kho mob

Kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus yuav tsum tau ua, vim tias vim qhov ua pa tsis tu ncua ntawm qhov ncauj, lub hauv siab txhim kho tsis raug, kev loj hlob ntawm cov pob txha ntawm lub ntsej muag raug cuam tshuam, thiab ntshav ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Ua ntej tshaj plaws, yog tias pom muaj cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kev qhia ntawm tus kws kho mob otolaryngologist. Yog tias nws tso 1 degree ntawm adenoids, koj tuaj yeem ua taunqa tawm kev kho mob. Hauv qhov no, muab:

• poob rau vasoconstriction (piv txwv li, Galazolin, Naphthyzin);
• tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ("Suprastin", "Fenistil");
• tshuaj tiv thaiv qhov ntswg (xws li Flix);
• tshuaj tua kab mob hauv zos ("Protargol", "Albucid");
• saline daws rau qhov ntswg kab noj hniav ("Marimer", "Humer");
• Y noj cov vitamins;
• tshuaj homeopathic.

Pab txhawb qhov xwm txheej los ntawm kev ntxuav lub nasopharynx nrog tshuaj ntsuab decoctions, saline daws lossis tshuaj. Nws yog ib advisable mus nqa tawm instillation tom qab ntxuav lub qhov ntswg, txij li thaum lub mucous daim nyias nyias yuav tso tawm los ntawm ntau secretions, qhov no yuav ntxiv rau cov hauj lwm zoo ntawm kev kho mob.

Kev kho mob nrog tshuaj homeopathic

kho homeopathy yog pom zoo tsuas yog nyob rau thawj theem ntawm adenoids. Cov txheej txheem no ntev thiab tsis haum rau cov kab mob loj. Thaum muab tshuaj rau theem thib ob thiab theem tom ntej, cov tshuaj kho ntuj tsis muaj txiaj ntsig thiab tsis muaj txiaj ntsig.

Tsis tas li, homeopathy feem ntau tau sau tseg rau kev tiv thaiv, tom qab muaj kab mob ua pa. Raws li kev txheeb xyuas ntawm kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov tshuaj hauv qab no tau ua pov thawj lawv tus kheej zoo:

• granules "JOB-Baby";
• Adenosan;
• Tuya-GF oil;
• YEuphorbium Compositum Nose spray.

Cov neeg mob nco ntsoov tias nrog kev tiv thaiv raws sijhawm, kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob rov qab los txo qis heev.

tshuaj ntsuab

Kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus nrog kev kho pej xeem yog pom zoo tom qab kev sab laj nrog kws kho mob thiab thawj theem ntawm tus kab mob. Yog tias cov adenoids nrog cov teeb meem, ces txoj kev no yuav tsum tsis txhob siv.

Nrov tshaj plaws yog qhov ntswg lavage nrog cov tshuaj no:

• hiav txwv ntsev;
• decoction ntawm Oak bark;
• decoction ntawm chamomile, calendula, nplooj eucalyptus.

Cov decoctions muaj cov khoom tiv thaiv kab mob, muaj cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Physiotherapy hauv kev kho mob

Kev kho tshuaj ntawm adenoids hauv lub qhov ntswg ntawm tus menyuam yog ua ke nrog kev kho lub cev. Nws nce qhov ua tau zoo ntawm thawj txoj kev.

Cov txheej txheem hauv qab no raug muab:

• Laser kho. Hoob no suav nrog 10 ntu, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem sau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua hauv cov chav kawm txog li 3 zaug hauv ib xyoos. Xws li kev kho mob txo qhov o thiab mob, normalizes ua pa thiab ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas nyob ib sab.
• UV irradiation thiab UHF ntawm qhov ntswg qhov ntswg.
• Ozone therapy.
• kho mob electrophoresis.

Ntxiv nrog rau kev kho lub cev, muaj cov menyuam yaus ua pa ua pa, mus saib chaw so sanatoriums, ua pa dej hiav txwv.

Adenotomy

Kev phais hauv kev kho mob adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus hu ua adenotomy. Kev phais yog qhia rau:

• nthuav dav ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm pharyngeal tonsil (2-3 degree adenoids);
• mob tonsils txog plaub zaug hauv ib xyoos;
• thaumkev loj hlob ntawm cov teeb meem;
• nyob rau hauv qhov tsis muaj qhov zoo ntawm tus kab mob txawm tias tom qab kho;
• tsis muaj qhov ntswg ua pa lossis pw tsaug zog apnea;
• tsis hnov lus;
• pob txha ntawm lub ntsej muag deformities.

Adenotomy tuaj yeem ua tau ob qho tib si hauv tsev kho mob thiab ntawm tus neeg mob sab nraud. Lub hnub nyoog zoo ntawm tus menyuam yog 5-7 xyoo. Cov tshuaj loog hauv zos lossis endotracheal anesthesia yog siv. Kev ua haujlwm hauv tsev kho mob muaj ntau qhov zoo vim yog siv cov cuab yeej siv niaj hnub no. Tus kws phais mob siv lub endoscope nrog lub koob yees duab digital thiab saib xyuas tag nrho nws cov kev tswj hwm ntawm lub vijtsam loj, qhov no tso cai rau koj los tswj cov txheej txheem ntawm lub sijhawm.

Cov cuab yeej phais mob tau hloov pauv thiab txhim kho zoo heev. Tam sim no, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws thiab niaj hnub ntawm lawv yog shaver - ib qho khoom siv hluav taws xob nrog cov hniav tig. Nws lub taub hau muaj kab noj hniav uas lub tshuab nqus tsev txuas nrog, los ntawm qhov uas tshem tawm ib feem ntawm adenoids yog crushed thiab tshem tawm. Tus kws phais tuaj yeem tig qhov txiav tawm ntawm thiab tawm, nrog rau kev hloov pauv ntawm nws txoj kev sib hloov. Lub shaver yog muab tso rau hauv ib lub qhov ntswg, ib qho endoscope rau hauv lwm yam, tom qab manipulations kom tshem tawm cov ntaub so ntswg adenoid, cov cuab yeej rov qab. Lub sijhawm rov qab los tom qab kev phais feem ntau yog 5-10 hnub. Thawj hnub koj yuav tsum tau ua raws li kev tswj hwm hauv tsev, tom qab ntawd txwv kev siv lub cev, tsis txhob muab cov khoom noj kub kub. Yog tias lub sijhawm postoperative dhau mus yam tsis muaj teeb meem, tus menyuam tuaj yeem mus rau hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv (tsev kawm ntawv, qib kindergarten) twb nyob rau thib tsib.hnub tom qab adenotomy.

Contraindications yog:

• kev tsis sib haum xeeb hauv kev txhim kho ntuj;
• ntse ntshav;
• pathology ntawm lub plawv;
• txheej txheem purulent hauv adenoids.

Cov teeb meem ntawm adenoids

Kev kho cov adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus hauv tsev tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog qhov tsis muaj kev paub tshwj xeeb ntawm cov niam txiv uas feem ntau yog vim li cas thiaj nrhiav kev pab tsis tu ncua.

Ntawm cov teeb meem tshwm sim:

• kab mob ua pa sab sauv;
• kis tau tus kab mob ua pa hnyav;
• "adenoid ntsej muag";
• hnov lus tsis hnov lus thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm pob ntseg nruab nrab qhov cua;
• nquag otitis media nrog rau cov teeb meem purulent;
• kev hais lus tsis meej.

Yog tias tsis kho, adenoids tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas hlwb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. Cov teeb meem zoo li no tshwm sim vim ua pa tsis txaus thiab, vim li ntawd, oxygen hauv cov ntshav.

Kev Tiv Thaiv

Kev kho mob ntawm adenoids hauv cov menyuam yaus yam tsis muaj kev phais tsuas yog ua tau thaum ntxov ntawm tus kabmob. Kom tus me nyuam muaj kev pheej hmoo tsis zoo zuj zus, cov kws kho mob tau sau cov kev tiv thaiv.

Nrog lawv:

• noj tshuaj;
• txwv ntawm tus menyuam lub zej zog kev sib raug zoo thaum lub sijhawm muaj mob thiab ib lub lis piam tom qab nws xaus;
• kev taug kev sab nraum zoov;
• txoj haujlwmCov kis las uas cob qhia cov kab mob ua pa (ua luam dej, ntaus pob tesniv);
• tuav cov av noo thiab qhov kub thiab txias hauv chav uas tus menyuam siv sijhawm ntau tshaj;
• Ysiv cov vitamins thiab minerals.

Thaum cov tsos mob ntawm adenoids tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus, kev kho mob yuav tsum tsuas yog kws kho mob tshwj xeeb hauv daim teb no. Cov kab mob zoo li no txaus ntshai, thiab cov niam txiv yuav tsum nkag siab txog qhov pheej hmoo tsis tau txais kev kho mob.