Lub cev muaj zog ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab: kev txiav txim siab ntawm cov qauv thiab cov kab mob

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:45

Tom qab yug me nyuam, tus me nyuam tam sim ntawd pom nws tus kheej hauv cov xwm txheej tshiab rau nws. Qhov kub ntawm no yog qis dua li ntawm lub cev, muaj ntau yam kev pom, tactile, suab thiab lwm yam stimuli. Nws tam sim ntawd yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau lwm txoj kev noj mov thiab ua pa. Lub sij hawm no yog nrog los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv txhua lub cev thiab cov kab ke ntawm cov kab mob me me thiab yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov xeev tshwj xeeb. Lawv yog cov physiological, tus yam ntxwv ntawm tsuas yog cov me nyuam yug los thiab tsis rov qab nyob rau hauv lub neej yav tom ntej. Tab sis xws li cov xwm txheej ciam teb rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm lub cev. Nrog rau kev sib xyaw ntawm cov xwm txheej tsis zoo, lawv tuaj yeem hloov mus ua kab mob.

Txoj kev xeev

Kev hloov pauv lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab tshwm sim tam sim ntawd txij thaum yug los thiab sai sai ploj mus yam tsis muaj kab. Cov no yog cov txheej txheem ntuj tsim rau menyuam mos. Lawv hu ua ciam teb lossis hloov pauv xeev vim lawv tshwm sim ntawm ciam teb ntawm ob theem.lub neej ntawm tus me nyuam (intrauterine thiab extrauterine). Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, lawv tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv pathology. Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev lub cev ntawm tus menyuam yug tshiab rau hauv cov kab mob pathological tuaj yeem tshwm sim vim tus menyuam ntxov ntxov, kev yug menyuam nyuaj, kev xeeb tub tsis zoo, kev ntxhov siab tom qab yug menyuam.

Neonatologists koom nrog kev soj ntsuam thiab kho cov menyuam mos tshiab.

Muaj ntau lub cev hloov pauv ntawm lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab, raws li txhua lub cev ntawm nws cov kabmob me me hloov mus. Tsis tas li ntawd, tsis yog txhua tus mob physiological hauv tus menyuam yuav tsum tau tshwm sim. Muaj ntau tus mus tsis tau pom dua.

Cia peb nyob ntawm qhov pom, pom tseeb ntawm lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab.

Lub cev hnyav

Nyob rau hauv thawj hnub, cov menyuam yug tshiab poob phaus. Qhov no yog ib qho txheej txheem physiological lossis ntuj tsim uas tau pom hauv txhua tus menyuam mos, tsis hais lawv qhov hnyav npaum li cas.

Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog thaum thawj hnub ntawm lub neej, tus menyuam lub cev poob dej ntau thiab siv cov khoom noj uas muaj nyob hauv plab.

Nquag, xws li kev poob yuav tsum tsis pub tshaj 7-8% ntawm qhov hnyav qub. Txog hnub tim 10 ntawm lub neej, tus menyuam rov qab muaj qhov hnyav dua, tom qab ntawd nws qhov hnyav nce ntxiv, uas yog qhov qhia txog kev txhim kho ntawm lub cev thiab nws txoj kev loj hlob.

Rau kev hloov pauv sai ntawm tus menyuam, nws yuav tsum tau npaj cov txheej txheem thermal kom txaus, zoosaib xyuas, noj kom raug. Yog tias tus menyuam poob ntau dua 10% ntawm lub cev qhov hnyav thiab tsis zoo tom qab ob lub lis piam, nws yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus kws kho mob.

Yog tus menyuam tsis hnyav, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo saib xyuas qhov no thiab qhia tus menyuam rau tus kws kho mob. Nws yog qhov ua tau tias cov kua dej tsis tawm hauv lub cev, uas qhia tau tias muaj kab mob ntawm lub raum.

Hloov pauv

Lub cev lub cev hloov pauv ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab suav nrog kev ua txhaum ntawm cov metabolism hauv tshav kub, thaum tus menyuam lub cev kub me ntsis qis lossis nce siab. Hauv cov menyuam yug tshiab, cov txheej txheem thermoregulation tseem tsis zoo. Cov menyuam mos tsis tuaj yeem ua kom lawv lub cev kub tsis tu ncua. Lawv yog cov rhiab heev rau tej qhov kub thiab txias hloov nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig. Ntawd yog, lawv lub cev ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv txoj kev lossis hauv chav. Lawv sai sai overheat los yog supercool, raws li lawv cov tawv nqaij yog nplua nuj nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha thiab tsis zoo nyob rau hauv hws qog. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias hauv cov me nyuam chav, tiv thaiv tus me nyuam los ntawm overheating los yog drafts. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws huab cua nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam chav yuav tsum yog 23 ºС.

Ntxhais

Lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm tus menyuam yug tshiab suav nrog kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Qhov no tau pom nyob rau hauv yuav luag txhua tus menyuam mos. Qhov feem ntau redness ntawm daim tawv nqaij, uas tshwm sim tom qab tshem tawm cov thawj lubricant. Txhua yam ploj ntawm nws tus kheej tom qab ib lub lim tiam.

Ntau tus menyuam yaus muaj tawv nqaij tawv. Nws tshwm sim rau 3-6 hnub. Feem ntau nwsmanifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv lub plab mog, caj dab, hauv siab. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj zog peeling nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam tom qab lub sij hawm. Tus mob no tsis tas yuav kho. Tom qab da dej, qhov chaw ntawm daim tawv nqaij yuav tsum tau lubricated nrog sterile oil.

Toxic erythema feem ntau tshwm hauv cov menyuam mos. Nws yog cov pob liab liab nrog daj-grey nodules. Nws nyob ib ncig ntawm cov pob qij txha ntawm caj npab los yog ntawm lub hauv siab. Nws dhau ib lub lim tiam.

Hormonal crisis

Ib qho ntawm lub cev nqaij daim tawv ntawm cov menyuam mos, uas feem ntau ntshai cov niam txiv, yog qhov teeb meem hormonal lossis kev sib deev. Nws yog feem ntau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntxhais. Hauv thawj ob lub lis piam tom qab yug me nyuam, qhov chaw mos loj hlob tuaj. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qog mammary swell, thiab cov kua zoo ib yam li mis nyuj yuav raug tso tawm ntawm lub txiv mis. Cov tshwm sim no yog vim lub fact tias tam sim ntawd tom qab yug me nyuam, niam cov tshuaj hormones muaj nyob rau hauv tus me nyuam lub cev. Lawv cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw mos thiab cov qog mammary ntawm tus menyuam. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm cov kab mob me me no yuav dhau mus yam tsis muaj kab nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub hli. Feem ntau, tus mob no tsis xav tau kev kho mob. Yog tias tus me nyuam tsis xis nyob, nws muaj lub cev kub, koj yuav tsum sab laj nrog kws kho mob tam sim ntawd. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob sim nyem cov kua dej tawm ntawm cov qog mammary - qhov no yuav ua rau tus menyuam mob thiab ua rau mastitis.

Tsis tas li ntawd, cov niam txiv yuav tsum paub tias cov ntxhais hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej tshwm sim ntau tawm ntawm qhov chaw mos, lawv tuaj yeem muaj xim sib txawv, feem ntau los ntshav. Tus mob no tsis xav tau kev kho mob, ploj tom qab li ib hlis. Tsuas yog hauv qhov ntawdYog hais tias qhov tso tawm tau kis tus ntxhiab tsw thiab xim purulent, tus ntxhais yuav tsum tau qhia rau tus kws kho mob gynecologist.

Lub cev lub cev ntawm cov menyuam yug tshiab hauv kev kho menyuam yaus yog dysbacteriosis. Cov kab mob colonize lub plab hnyuv mucosa. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog nyob tsis tau tsuas yog los ntawm cov kab mob zoo, tab sis kuj los ntawm pathogenic microflora. Dysbacteriosis yog ib qho mob ntawm tus menyuam mos, tab sis nyob rau qee qhov xwm txheej nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav.

Nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm thawj lub limtiam ntawm lub neej, tus menyuam muaj quav quav. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim no yog kev hloov mus rau txoj kev tshiab ntawm kev noj mov. Ua ntej, meconium dhau los ntawm nws - thawj cov quav, nyob rau hnub 4 - 5th ib qho kev hloov pauv cov quav tshwm, uas yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm qhov sib xws thiab cov xim (cov hnoos qeev, pob, xim daj-ntsuab).

Thaum kawg ntawm thawj lub lim tiam, cov quav yuav nyob thiab zoo li yellowish slurry.

Urinary system

Cov kab mob tso zis kuj hloov mus rau cov xwm txheej tshiab. Lawv hloov mus ua haujlwm nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev hloov hormonal thiab ya raws. Feem ntau xws li ib tug physiological mob ntawm cov me nyuam mos raws li uric acid infarction ntawm lub raum tsim, uas manifests nws tus kheej nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm daj-xim av tso zis. Qhov no yog vim qhov kev tso tawm ntawm cov crystals ntawm uric acid ntsev nyob rau hauv ob lub raum thiab metabolic ntshawv siab nyob rau hauv ib tug me me kab mob. Yog tias xim ntawm cov zis tsis rov zoo li qub thaum kawg ntawm lub lim tiam thib ob, yuav tsum tau sab laj nrog kws kho mob.

Nyob rau hauv thawj teevlub neej, muaj qhov tsis muaj lossis tshem tawm ntawm cov zis me me. Qhov no muaj tseeb rau txhua tus menyuam yug tshiab. Raws li txoj cai, nyob rau hnub ob, tso zis zoo dua.

Umbilical qhov txhab

Feem ntau, hnub 4 tom qab yug me nyuam, cov pob txha pob txha poob tawm, thiab cov pob txha pob txha tshwm nyob rau hauv nws qhov chaw. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv nws cov kab mob, cov kev ntsuas hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua: ob zaug ib hnub, kho qhov txhab nrog hydrogen peroxide thiab ci ntsuab. Tom qab li 10 - 12 hnub, qhov txhab yuav pib zoo thiab kev kho mob tuaj yeem nres.

Nyob zoo jaundice

Kwv yees li 2-3 hnub tom qab yug me nyuam, tus menyuam daim tawv nqaij yuav kis tau cov xim daj. Tus kab mob physiological ciam teb ntawm cov me nyuam mos yog pom nyob rau hauv kwv yees li 70% ntawm cov me nyuam. Nws yog vim lub fact tias qee cov enzymes tsis ua hauj lwm ntawm tag nrho cov zog thiab bilirubin accumulates nyob rau hauv lub cev, uas stains daim tawv nqaij. Cov zis thiab cov quav ntawm tus menyuam tib lub sijhawm khaws lawv cov xim ib txwm muaj. Raws li txoj cai, jaundice ploj los ntawm 14 hnub ntawm lub neej ntawm cov crumbs, nws tsis tas yuav kho. Tab sis yog hais tias tus me nyuam nyias nyias, lethargic, passive, koj yuav tsum tam sim ntawd hu rau tus kws kho mob, vim qhov no tsis yog ib tug tshwj xeeb physiological mob ntawm cov me nyuam mos, hu ua primordial jaundice.

Cov cim qhia tias lub siab ua haujlwm tsis zoo:

• Zoo jaundice tam sim tom qab yug me nyuam.
• Kev faib tawm daj rau lub ntsej muag, tes thiab taw.
• Icterus txuas ntxiv rau ntau tshaj 2 lub lis piam.
• lub rooj zaum tsis muaj xim.
• Tsis muaj zaub mov.
• Kev ntxhov siab.
• Qhia qw.
• Edema.
• ua npaws thiab tshee.
• Nyob tsis muaj zog thiab qaug zog ntawm tus menyuam.

Ntau qib ntawm bilirubin hauv tus menyuam cov ntshav tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub paj hlwb. Yog li ntawd, nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov ntsuas no, tus me nyuam raug kho.

Kev tiv thaiv

Ib tug menyuam hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej yog qhov muaj kev phom sij heev ntawm kev txhim kho cov txheej txheem inflammatory. Nws kev tiv thaiv tseem tsis tau tsim. Nws nyob hauv lub tsev menyuam ntawm nws niam nyob rau hauv lub cev tsis muaj menyuam, thiab tom qab yug me nyuam, nws lub cev tam sim ntawd colonized los ntawm cov kab mob microflora los ntawm ib puag ncig. Tias yog vim li cas nyob rau hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej, vim lub unformed natural tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab mucous daim nyias nyias, xws li ib tug physiological lub xeev ntawm ib tug me nyuam yug tshiab tshwm sim li immunodeficiency. Nws yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pronounced nyob rau hauv cov me nyuam ntxov ntxov thiab underweight. Lub sijhawm ntawm tus mob no tuaj yeem ncav cuag ib hlis lossis ntau dua. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los npaj kev saib xyuas kom raug rau tus menyuam, kev huv ntawm txhua yam uas nyob ib puag ncig nws.

Txhawm rau tiv thaiv tus menyuam kom muaj zog, koj yuav tsum ua kom cua nkag hauv chav ntau zaus, ntxuav cov ntub dej hauv cov chaw zov me nyuam txhua hnub, taug kev hauv huab cua ntshiab.

Koj yuav tsum ua huab cua da dej thiab zaws lub teeb ua ntej da dej.

Siv qhov xaus

Kev yug me nyuam yog lub sijhawm nyuaj thiab lub luag haujlwm tsis yog hauv lub neej ntawm poj niam, tab sis kuj ntawm nws tus menyuam yug tshiab. Qhov no yog ib qho kev ntxhov siab loj rau ob leeg. Kev hloov pauv ib puag ncig ua rau cov lus teb ntawm cov kab mob crumbs, uas tshwm sim lawv tus kheej hauv daim ntawv ntawm kev hloov pauv.xeev. Pediatricians txheeb xyuas ntau yam kev tshwm sim uas tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam mos hauv thawj hnub ntawm lub neej. Raws li txoj cai, lawv tsis tas yuav kho thiab tawm mus rau lawv tus kheej tom qab ib ntus.

Tab sis cov xeev no hu ua ciam teb, vim tias lawv tuaj yeem ua rau kab mob yooj yim. Yog vim li no tus me nyuam tau raug tshuaj xyuas tas li los ntawm kws kho menyuam yaus thiab tus kws saib xyuas neeg mob hauv thawj lub hlis ntawm lub neej.

Cov niam txiv yuav tsum tsis txhob txhawj txog qhov tshwm sim ntawm ib qho kev mob ntawm lub cev hauv tus menyuam. Hauv 98% ntawm cov neeg mob, lawv muaj kev nyab xeeb kiag li thiab tsis xav tau kev kho mob.