Txo cov ntshav protein thaum cev xeeb tub: cov lus qhia rau kev sim, algorithm rau cov txheej txheem, kev txiav txim siab, cov protein tsawg, ua rau, qhov tshwm sim thiab cov lus p

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:57

Qhov ua rau cov ntshav protein tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub feem ntau yog tus poj niam tsis noj zaub mov zoo, tab sis qhov no kuj tseem qhia tau tias muaj kab mob hnyav. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum cev xeeb tub, zoo li tsis muaj teeb meem "kev noj zaub mov tsis zoo" yuav ua rau qee yam kab mob hauv lub cev hauv kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem thaum cev xeeb tub thiab yug menyuam.

tag nrho cov ntshav protein

Proteins yog yam tseem ceeb rau lub neej. Nws yog lub hauv paus tsev thaiv ntawm tag nrho cov cell. Lawv tsim txog li 20% ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg. Proteins yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm tag nrho cov enzymes paub. Feem ntau cov tshuaj hormones yog cov proteins lossis polypeptides hauv qhov xwm txheej. Qee cov proteins tau koom nrog hauv kev tshwm sim ntawm kev ua xua thiab kev tiv thaiv kab mob feem ntau. Lwm cov koom nrog hauv kev thauj cov pa oxygen, carbohydrates, cov rog, cov vitamins, cov tshuaj hormones hauv cov ntshav,tshuaj tshuaj.

Tag nrho cov ntshav protein yog qhov concentration ntawm tag nrho cov proteins hauv cov ntshav ntshav.

Physiological hypoproteinemia - tsawg tag nrho cov protein hauv cov ntshav, tsis cuam tshuam nrog cov kab mob, pom hauv cov menyuam yaus, cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau peb lub hlis twg, thaum pub niam mis.

ntsuas ntsuas ntsuas

Tag nrho cov ntshav protein yog txiav txim siab hauv txhua tus poj niam ob peb zaug thaum cev xeeb tub. Qhov no yog ua raws li ib feem ntawm kev kuaj ntshav biochemical. Qhov kev kuaj ntshav muaj pes tsawg leeg yog ua los ntawm:

• thaum sau npe tus poj niam cev xeeb tub;
• 2nd peb lub hlis twg 24-28 lub lis piam;
• nyob rau hauv peb lub hlis twg ntawm 32-36 lub lis piam.

Ib tug poj niam kuaj ntshav tsis muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov xwm txheej hauv cov lus teev tseg. Tus kws kho mob yuav muab tshuaj kuaj ntshav ntau zaus yog tias tus poj niam cev xeeb tub muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv:

• tumors;
• kab mob siab thiab raum;
• mob hnyav thiab mob ntev;
• kab mob sib kis.

Cov ntaub ntawv ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein hauv cov ntshav pab ntsuas tus mob ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub, tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm kev kho mob.

Kev ua haujlwm

ntshav rau kev tshuaj xyuas yog nruj me ntsis ntawm lub plab khoob. Nws yog qhov zoo dua yog tias tsawg kawg 8 teev dhau los ntawm kev noj mov thiab kev tshuaj xyuas. Kas fes, tshuaj yej, kua txiv kuj yog khoom noj, haus dej xwb.

Ua ntej tus txheej txheem, koj tsis tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog (nce stairs, gymnastics), kev xav arousal yog undesirable. So 10 feeb ua ntej noj ntshavUa siab ntev.

Koj tsis tuaj yeem pub ntshav tom qab zaws, kho lub cev.

Rau kev kuaj ntshav, ib qho kev sib tw feem ntau yog siv rau saum lub luj tshib, hauv qee qhov chaw kuaj ntshav no tsis ua tiav. Ntshav feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov antecubital fossa.

Ntshav rau kev txiav txim siab ntawm tag nrho cov protein yog coj mus rau hauv cov hlab ntshav nrog lub kaus mom liab. Cov raj no xav tau kom tau txais cov ntshav. Tag nrho cov protein yog txiav txim siab, nrog rau lwm yam kev ntsuas biochemical, hauv biochemical analyzers. Feem ntau ib txheej ntawm reagents yog siv los siv txoj kev biuret.

Kev ua yuam kev hauv kev ua piv txwv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov tsis tseeb nce qib protein ntau. Piv txwv li, kev siv lub sij hawm ntev ntawm ib qho kev sib tw, kev ua si lub cev, nce sai sai ntawm txoj hauj lwm yooj yim.

Transcript

Txhawm rau qhia cov ntsiab lus ntawm tag nrho cov protein hauv cov ntshav, kev siv cov concentration ntau, qhia qhov loj hauv 1 liter ntshav (g / l). Cov protein ntau 60-80 g / l (6-8%) yog suav tias yog qhov qub. Hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub, qhov ntsuas tau qis dua - 55-65 g / l. Cov protein nyob rau hauv cov ntshav ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tub yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog pom nyob rau hauv lub thib peb trimester. Cov qauv hauv qab no tau raug coj los siv:

• thawj peb lub hlis twg - 62-76 g / l;
• thib peb lub hlis twg - 57-69 g/l;
• peb lub hlis twg - 56-67 g/l.

Tsuas yog ib tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog yuav tsum ua raws li kev txhais lus ntawm kev kuaj ntshav. Txawm hais tias kuaj pom muaj cov ntsiab lus protein tsawg, thiab leej niam uas muaj kev cia siab zoo, nws tseem yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob, tsis tas yuav tos kom txog thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim. Xws li cov kab mob tsis pom zoo yuav muaj sijhawm los ua mob rau tus menyuam loj hlob.

Yog vim li casntshav protein tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub

Nyob hauv tus neeg noj qab haus huv, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein hauv cov ntshav tuaj yeem hloov pauv raws li kev cuam tshuam ntawm ntau yam.

Thaum cev xeeb tub, tag nrho cov protein hauv cov ntshav ib txwm qis. Qhov no yog vim qhov nce hauv cov ntshav ntim, thaum cov protein ntau hauv cov ntshav tseem zoo li qub, yog li cov txheeb ze txo qis hauv cov ntsiab lus tau txais.

Cov protein tsawg hauv cov ntshav thaum cev xeeb tub tuaj yeem ua rau:

• khoom tsis txaus;
• nce poob;
• ua txhaum ntawm cov protein synthesis hauv lub cev.

Nws tseem tuaj yeem ua ke ntawm cov laj thawj saum toj no.

Cov ntshav protein tsawg hauv cov poj niam cev xeeb tub feem ntau sau tseg thaum noj zaub mov tsis txaus thaum ua raws li cov neeg tsis noj nqaij noj lossis tshaib plab. Kev tsis txaus tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua txhaum ntawm kev nqus ntawm cov amino acids hauv plab hnyuv mucosa, piv txwv li, nrog o lossis o hauv nws.

Kev poob protein ntau tshwm sim hauv kab mob raum (tshwj xeeb yog nrog los ntawm nephrotic syndrome), ntshav poob, neoplasms.

Protein synthesis tuaj yeem raug txwv los ntawm qhov tsis muaj lossis tsis muaj cov amino acids tseem ceeb - lub tsev blocks uas tsis yog synthesized hauv lub cev, tab sis los ntawm cov khoom noj ntawm tsiaj keeb kwm - nqaij, nqaij qaib, ntses, qe, khoom noj siv mis. Synthesis disorders tuaj yeem ua rau daim siab tsis ua haujlwm - cirrhosis, kab mob siab, dystrophy.

Cov npe ntawm cov xwm txheej nrog cov ntshav protein tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub qhia qhov tsis meej ntawm qhov ntsuas no. Yog li ntawd, tag nrho cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov protein tsis raug coj mus rau hauv tus accountrau kev kuaj mob sib txawv ntawm cov kab mob, tab sis rau kev ntsuas qhov hnyav ntawm tus neeg mob tus mob thiab xaiv kev kho mob.

Low Protein

Protein hauv cov ntshav qis dua li qub thaum cev xeeb tub tsis yog qhov qhia tshwj xeeb. Yog li, cov tshuaj biochemical tsom xam ntawm cov ntshav suav nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm feem ntau - albumin thiab globulins.

Txo cov qib albumin qhia tias tsis noj zaub mov tsis txaus, malabsorption syndrome, mob siab lossis mob siab tsis ua haujlwm, leukemia, qog.

Kev txo qis hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm globulin feem yog pom nrog kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus, tsis muaj gamma globulins, lymphocytic leukemia.

Cov ntaub ntawv yog kev txiav txim siab ntawm plasma fibrinogen. Nws qhov txo qis tshwm sim thaum cev xeeb tub nrog placental abruption, amniotic kua embolism, tej zaum yuav qhia tau hais tias meningococcal meningitis, leukemia, mob los yog mob siab tsis ua hauj lwm.

Lub luag haujlwm lom ntawm cov proteins thaum cev xeeb tub

Thaum cev xeeb tub, cov proteins muab:

• Kev loj hlob thiab kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam, nrog rau cov qog thiab cov qog mammary, vim cov proteins yog cov khoom siv hauv tsev.
• Kev thauj mus los ntawm ntau cov as-ham, micro- thiab macroelements, vitamins, vim nws yog cov protein uas nqa cov tshuaj no hauv cov ntshav.
• Me nyuam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob vim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob yog cov proteins.
• Qhov sib npaug ntawm coagulation thiab anticoagulation systems, txij li cov tshuaj uas ua kom cov ntshav txhaws (uas yuav yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev los tiv thaiv.los ntshav thaum yug menyuam) yog cov proteins.
• Ib txwm osmotic siab ntawm cov ntshav plasma vim cov proteins nyiam dej. Thaum muaj cov ntshav txaus hauv cov ntshav, cov kua dej nkag mus rau hauv lub txaj vascular thiab tsis ntim rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg, uas tiv thaiv cov ntshav txhaws thiab edema.

Qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov tsis muaj protein ntau thaum cev xeeb tub

Txo cov protein hauv cov ntshav thaum cev xeeb tub feem ntau yog vim kev noj zaub mov tsis txaus. Raws li kev tshawb fawb, yog tias ib tug poj niam tsis tau txais cov protein ntau txaus los ntawm cov zaub mov, vim tias kev noj zaub mov tsis raug, nws kuj tsis tau txais calcium txaus, magnesium, hlau, vitamins, albumin.

Tsis muaj protein ntau hauv kev noj zaub mov yog ib qho ua rau muaj mob perinatal thiab fetal tuag. Ib qho ntawm feem ntau cov tsos mob ntawm lub sij hawm perinatal yog intrauterine kev loj hlob retardation, uas ua rau nyuaj rau ntau yam kab mob.

Kev tsis muaj cov vitamins ua mob hnyav rau tus menyuam noj qab haus huv, txo qis kev tiv thaiv kab mob, ua rau ntxov ntxov, congenital deformities, yug me nyuam tsis muaj zog.

Cov poj niam uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub txo lactation rau 3.5 lub hlis. Tus menyuam yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau khoom noj khoom haus.

Raws li kev tshawb fawb, txhua tus poj niam uas muaj cov ntshav protein tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub muaj ntau yam teeb meem ntawm nws cov chav kawm:

• hlau deficiency anemia (76%);
• mob plab placental insufficiency (63%);
• late gestosis (33%);
• hem nchuav menyuam (27%);
• fetal growth retardation syndrome (16%).

Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub uas tsis muaj protein ntau hauv kev noj haus kuj muaj teeb meem thaum yug menyuam:

• tawg ntawm tus kwj dej yug;
• ntxov rupture ntawm amniotic kua;
• kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj zog.

Qhov hnyav nruab nrab ntawm cov menyuam yug los rau cov niam uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub yog kwv yees li 2900g

Kev noj zaub mov zoo thiab kho cov qib protein hauv cov ntshav los ntawm kev kho cov khoom noj khoom haus kom txo tau txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cev xeeb tub cov teeb meem (anemia, placental insufficiency, lig gestosis, kev loj hlob qeeb syndrome), nrog rau cov me nyuam mos asphyxia.

Cov lus pom zoo rau normalizing ntsuas

Ua ntej tshaj plaws, cov poj niam uas muaj ntshav qab zib tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub yuav tsum ua kom lawv cov zaub mov zoo li qub - nqa qhov piv ntawm BJU hauv kab, xyuam xim tshwj xeeb rau cov khoom noj muaj protein, zaub rog, zaub zaub. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog los ua kom muaj kev noj zaub mov kom zoo, tsuas yog nws tuaj yeem ua tiav cov kev xav tau ntawm tus niam uas xav tau.

Khoom noj khoom haus hauv thawj ib nrab ntawm cev xeeb tub

Lub sijhawm no, lub cev ntawm niam lub cev xav tau ntau yam khoom noj raws li ua ntej xeeb. Nyob rau hauv thawj peb lub hlis twg, tag nrho cov me nyuam cov plab hnyuv siab raum tau pw, yog li lub sij hawm no nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev kom paub tseeb tias lub cev tau txais cov proteins tag, nrog rau cov vitamins, macro- thiab microelements nyob rau hauv qhov ratio thiab kom muaj nuj nqis.

Nyob ntawm qhov hnyav, lub cev ua haujlwm, noj zaub mov zoo ntawm tus poj niam cev xeeb tubyuav tsum tau txais cov protein 60-90 g / hnub, rog 50-70 g / hnub. thiab carbohydrates 325-450 g / hnub. Calorie ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom noj - 2200-2700.

Kev noj haus yuav tsum ua kom tiav thiab sib txawv. Physiologically justified tsib pluas noj ib hnub twg. Thaum cuaj teev tsaus ntuj - noj mov kawg - ib khob ntawm kefir. Noj hmo yuav tsum tsis pub ntau tshaj 20% ntawm calories, thiab nws yog qhov zoo dua los noj cov zaub mov muaj roj thiab cov protein ntau thaum sawv ntxov. Cov poj niam cev xeeb tub yuav tsum tsis txhob pw tsaug zog tom qab noj mov.

Khoom noj khoom haus thaum lub sijhawm cev xeeb tub thib ob

Nyob rau hauv ib nrab ntawm cev xeeb tub, tus niam uas xav tau kev noj haus ntau ntxiv vim qhov kev loj hlob ntawm tus menyuam, pib ua haujlwm ntawm nws cov kabmob - ob lub raum, lub siab, cov hnyuv thiab lub paj hlwb. Ib tug poj niam xav tau 80-110 g ntawm protein, 50-70 g rog thiab 325-450 g ntawm carbohydrates ib hnub twg. Ntawd yog, qhov kev xav tau ntawm cov protein ntau ntxiv, cov roj ntsha tsim nyog thiab carbohydrates tsis nce ntxiv. Ntxiv mus, cov protein yuav tsum yog tsawg kawg yog 60% ntawm cov tsiaj keeb kwm. 30% ntawm cov protein yuav tsum yog los ntawm nqaij los yog ntses proteins, 25% ntawm cov mis nyuj thiab cov khoom noj siv mis, 5% ntawm cov qe. Cov ntsiab lus caloric ntawm cov khoom noj yuav tsum nce mus rau 2300-2800 kcal.

Kev noj zaub mov kom ntshav protein ntau thaum cev xeeb tub

Txhua hnub, tus niam uas xav tau yuav tsum tau txais:

• nqaij thiab ntses - 120-150 g;
• mis nyuj los yog kefir - 200 g;
• tsev cheese - 50 g;
• qe - 1 pc.;
• bread - 200 g;
• cereals thiab pasta - 50-60 g;
• qos yaj ywm thiab lwm yam zaub - 500g;
• txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab txiv hmab txiv ntoo - 200-500 g.

Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau noj cov khoom noj uas muaj cov protein ntau: mis nyuj, yogurt, kefir, cheese me, tsev cheese. Cov khoom no tsis tsuas yog ua tiav cov proteins, muaj tag nrho cov amino acids tsim nyog rau ib tug neeg, tab sis kuj calcium.

Yog tias tag nrho cov protein hauv cov ntshav ntawm cov poj niam cev xeeb tub qis, cov kws kho mob pom zoo kom noj zaub mov ntxiv:

• nqaij thiab ntses txog 180-220 g;
• tsev cheese mus txog 150 g;
• mis nyuj thiab kefir txog li 500 g.

Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau boil ntses thiab nqaij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau ib nrab ntawm cev xeeb tub. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tso tseg nceb, nqaij thiab ntses broths, gravy, raws li lawv muaj ntau yam extractives. Nws yog qhov zoo dua rau noj zaub los yog mis nyuj kua zaub.

Nws muaj peev xwm ua kom cov ntsiab lus protein ntau hauv cov khoom noj uas muaj cov ntshav protein tsawg thaum cev xeeb tub los ntawm kev siv cov khoom noj khoom haus sib xyaw uas tsis tsuas yog ua tiav cov protein, tab sis kuj tseem muaj cov vitamins, unsaturated fatty acids, macro- thiab microelements.