Hom qauv, cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem

2024 Tus sau: Priscilla Miln | [email protected]. Kawg hloov kho: 2024-02-18 01:33

Kev ua qauv yog paub rau txhua tus neeg txij thaum yau, vim nws qhov peev xwm tsis txwv rau tus menyuam yog hloov tsis tau. Zaj lus qhia txhim kho kev xav thiab kev xav, kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo, pab kom nkag siab cov xim thiab cov duab ntawm cov khoom, ua rau koj pom koj lub tswv yim. Tab sis thaum twg yuav pib qhia tus me nyuam rau hom kev ua qauv, kev siv plasticine, yuav ua li cas thiab cov ntaub ntawv twg yuav tsum nres? Cov lus teb rau cov lus nug no thiab lwm cov lus nug yog txaus siab rau ntau tus niam txiv.

qauv thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig

Kev kos duab ntawm cov khoom siv yas yog qhov txawv txav thiab, qhov tseem ceeb, pom tau. Sculpting rightfully occupies qhov chaw ntawm ib qho ntawm feem ntau lub siab lub ntsws hom kev ua si pom. Txawm tias ib tug me nyuam uas muaj hnub nyoog preschool ntxov los tsim cov duab tiag tiag los yog kev xav uas tuaj yeem kov tau, tsis yog kev xav lossis pom xwb.

Qhov muaj peev xwm ua qauv yog siv dav rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov menyuam yaus. Nrog nws pab, tus menyuam muaj peev xwm:

• nthuav tawm koj qhov kev paub paub los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov khoom nwsqauv, yas, puab thiab xim;
• tsim voluminous kos duab;
• txhim kho kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo thiab ua haujlwm ntawm ob txhais tes tib lub sijhawm;
• tau txais kev kawm zoo nkauj.

Qhov no yog rooj plaub thaum tsis yog cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov tshwm sim. Nws yog qhov nthuav rau menyuam yaus saib yuav ua li cas lub pob tsis muaj lub cev siv rau ntawm cov khoom uas paub txog. Nws hloov pauv ntau zaus txog thaum nws txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim.

Khoom siv. Lawv yog dab tsi?

Kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv lub tsev kawm ntawv preschool yuav tsum suav nrog cov txheej txheem thiab hom: applique, kos duab, qauv thiab tsim. Lub hnub nyoog ntawm tus me nyuam tseem ceeb heev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis tsuas yog rau cov dej num uas yuav tsum tau teem los ntawm tus me nyuam, tab sis kuj yog kev xaiv ntawm cov khoom siv. Ob qho tib si hauv tsev thiab hauv kindergarten, av nplaum thiab classic plasticine yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog siv dav. Cov tom kawg tuaj yeem yog siv quav ciab, ntab, glitter, sib nqus, fluorescent, pearlescent.

Lwm yam khoom muaj dab tsi? Nws tsim nyog nres ntawm qhov nrov tshaj plaws.

Bright modeling mov paj yog mos thiab mos. Nws yog ib qho yooj yim los ua hauj lwm nrog nws los ntawm thawj feeb, tab sis cov khoom siv tes ua tiav yuav tsis khaws nws cov duab rau lub sijhawm ntev thiab tsis yog txhua qhov chaw tuaj yeem txuas ua ke. Raws li ib feem ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom, cov khoom tsis muaj teeb meem tau tshaj tawm, yog li nws tsim nyog rau cov menyuam yaus pib sculpt.

Pob plasticine feem ntau ua rau tus menyuam xav paub, uas nyiam los ntawm cov xim nplua nuj thiab textures txawv txawv. Muaj ntau hom:

1. Tsis ziab koj tuaj yeem ua sintev, tsuas yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob sib tov xim.
2. Kev ziab muaj qhov sib txawv: ntawm chav tsev kub nws dhau los ua tawv, tab sis nkig. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo dua rau lawv los kho cov duab lossis cov ntawv. Piv txwv li, koj tuaj yeem ua ib lub vase zoo nkauj. Ua li no, txiav tawm hauv qab ntawm lub raj mis yas, thiab tom qab ntawd kho sab nraud nrog cov khoom siv no. Muab rau cov me nyuam los ntawm 3 xyoos. Ua si nrog niam txiv.

Cov khoom lag luam zoo heev thiab cov kev xaiv tshiab tau tshwm sim tas li. Koj tuaj yeem sculpt nrog cov qauv muab tshuaj txhuam, mos mos, ntsev ua khob noom cookie, cov xuab zeb ntub dej zoo tib yam, cov av nplaum polymer, daus.

av nplaum thiab plasticine: kev sib piv ntawm cov khoom

Kawm txog hom qauv, ob hom khoom siv hauv chav kawm. Ob leeg yog hloov tau, pheej yig thiab muaj lawv tus kheej nta.

av nplaum yog suav tias yog cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws thiab zoo ib puag ncig. Nws muaj ib tug tshwj xeeb expressiveness, tsis nyob rau hauv vain txij thaum ancient sij hawm nws tau raug siv rau kev tsim kho thiab tsim cov tais diav. Nws cov khoom tshwj xeeb tau ua rau nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau cov menyuam yaus:

• neutral xim;
• muaj peev xwm ua kom zoo zoo;
• muaj peev xwm xaiv ib daim ntawm txhua qhov loj;
• muaj kev ntxhib los mos;
• ua kom nws nkag siab txog kev ncaj ncees ntawm daim ntawv yam tsis muaj kev cuam tshuam los ntawm cov ntsiab lus;
• khoom tuaj yeem qhuav, thiab tom qab ntawd ua haujlwm ntxiv (xim, tsim cov duab puab, siv kho kom zoo nkauj).

Qhov tsis zoo suav nrog cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ziab, uas yuav siv sijhawm ntev. Me nyuam yaustej zaum yuav poob kev txaus siab rau qhov tshwm sim. Nws raug nquahu kom khaws cov av nplaum rau hauv chav dej txias hauv lub thawv yas hauv qab daim ntaub ntub dej.

Plasticine yog ib yam khoom uas yuav tsum tau npaj tshwj xeeb ua ntej siv. Nws cov yam ntxwv kuj tseem siv tau rau kev qhia hom qauv hauv kindergarten:

• khoom muaj zog txaus;
• qhov yooj yim tuav ua ke;
• xim ntxiv ntau yam rau kev ua haujlwm, tab sis tuaj yeem cuam tshuam los ntawm kev nkag siab ntawm daim ntawv.

Los ntawm qhov tsis zoo ntawm plasticine:

• tsis haum rau menyuam mos vim muaj kev sib xyaw;
• ua ntej sculpting, yuav tsum tau kneaded los yog rhuab kom nws pliable, yog li nws yog haum rau cov me nyuam hnub nyoog tshaj 3 xyoos.

Thaum twg thiab qhov twg pib

Cov neeg laus yuav tsum tau nyob ze tus menyuam thaum lub sijhawm kawm.

Ua ntej, nws muaj kev nyab xeeb dua, vim tus menyuam muaj peev xwm sim cov khoom ntawm tus hniav.

Thib ob, yuav tsum pab tus menyuam kawm paub cov hauv paus ntawm hom kev kos duab zoo nkauj no: qhia cov ntaub ntawv, qhia lawv cov khoom, cov tswv yim yooj yim thiab hom qauv.

Mloog niam txiv lossis tus kws qhia ntawv, tus menyuam nquag ua haujlwm ntxiv cov lus thiab kawm los ua kev sib tham. Cov haujlwm yuav tsum muaj hnub nyoog tsim nyog. Yog hais tias ib tug me nyuam kawm ntawv laus muaj peev xwm tsim tau ib tug figurine ntawm ib tug tsiaj los yog zoo nkauj plasticineography ntawm nws tus kheej, ces tus me nyuam, qhov zoo tshaj plaws, yuav muaj peev xwm ua tau tsuas yog ib tug yooj yim qauv qauv.

Koj tuaj yeem pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 9-12 lub hlis. Tau kawg, nws nyuaj rau tus menyuam zaum hauv ib qho chaw, tab sis qhov no tsis tsim nyog. Nws yog txaus tias nws tau txais cov kev xav tshiab tactile thiab paub tias hauv nws txhais tes me me cov khoom tuaj yeem ua rau ntau hom. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tsis txhob yuam tus me nyuam ua qhov nws tsis xav tau tam sim no, tab sis yuav muab tom qab.

Sculpting techniques

Thaum pib lawv yooj yim:

• pinching - cais ib daim me me ntawm ib qho loj nrog tus ntiv tes xoo thiab ntiv tes xoo;
• kneading - siab nrog ntiv tes lossis tes;
• flattening - compressing cov khoom thiab muab nws lub tiaj tus.

Tom qab, cov tswv yim yuav nyuaj thiab tus menyuam kawm tau tshiab:

• rolling - tsim cov duab ntawm lub pob nrog ncig ncig ntawm xibtes;
• rolling - tsim "cov hnyuv ntxwm" nrog xibtes;
• smoothing - rounding the shape;
• indentation - nias tus ntiv tes xoo lossis ntiv tes ntiv tes ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab;
• taw tes - muab qhov ntse kawg los ntawm nias nrog ntiv tes los ntawm txhua sab;
• pinching - rub rov qab thiab ntse ib ntug;
• kev sib txuas - fastening qhov chaw ua ke.

Tus me nyuam maj mam ua tiav ntau dua thiab ua haujlwm nyuaj nrog cov khoom siv. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm yog qhov ua tiav tiav.

hom qauv tseem ceeb

Los ntawm ib tus neeg laus, tus menyuam tau txais cov ntaub ntawv hais txog kev ua haujlwm pom, thiab raws li nws qhov kev paub dhau los, nws sim ua kom tiav cov haujlwm ntawm nws tus kheej. Sij hawm dhau mus, lawv cov kev daws teeb meem loj zuj zus mus rau hauv kev muaj tswv yim, thiab cov khoom siv ntau dua.

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau maj mam txav ntawm qhov yooj yim mus rau qhov nyuaj kom tus me nyuam tsis txhob poob siab rau qhov ua tsis tiav. Ua ntej, cov txheej txheem ntawm tus kheej tau kawm. Kev txawj ntse yog consolidated thiab honed. Tom qab ntawd, txhua txoj haujlwm tshiab tau muab, uas yuav tsum xaiv txoj hauv kev los ntawm ntau hom kev ua qauv. Lawv txhua tus muaj lawv tus yam ntxwv:

1. Sculptural yog tias cov khoom yog molded los ntawm ib daim. Txoj kev no suav tias yog qhov nyuaj dua vim nws xav tau lub tswv yim ntawm qhov sib luag thiab cov duab. Txhawm rau tsim cov khoom siv tes ua, cov menyuam yaus siv cov tswv yim xws li rub, lengthening, pinching, smoothing.
2. Kev tsim kho, thaum ua haujlwm raug tsim los ntawm cov khoom sib cais. Cov menyuam yaus pib nrog qhov loj, maj mam ua cov me me. Thaum tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tau npaj, nws tseem txuas rau lawv ua ke. Ua tsaug rau cov qauv tsim qauv, nws yooj yim los sib piv cov ntsiab lus hauv cov duab thiab qhov loj me, piv txwv li, lub cev ntawm tus tsiaj loj dua, thiab tus Tsov tus tw me dua.
3. Combined suav nrog ob txoj hauv kev saum toj no. Ib feem ntawm daim duab yog molded los ntawm tag nrho ib daim, piv txwv li, ob txhais ceg thiab lub cev ntawm ib tug neeg. Cov seem yog tsim cais thiab txuas rau hauv paus.

Koj tuaj yeem ntxiv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua qauv nyem rau ntim thiab naturalness. Piv txwv li, ua kom cov noog plaub, koj yuav tsum tau siv cov khoom me me thiab, siv ntau yam txuj ci, muab cov duab uas lawv xav tau.

Yuav ua li cas lwm hom qauv muaj nyob

Muaj lwm qhov kev faib tawm - raws li cov ntsiab lus:

1. Khoom molding yog siv rauCov duab ntawm tus kheej cov khoom: tsiaj, tib neeg, rooj tog, thiab lwm yam. Cov menyuam yaus kawm muab cov duab zaum kawg rau cov khoom siv, siv txhua yam txuj ci uas lawv paub.
2. Zaj dab neeg ua qauv tsim nyog rau kev loj hlob ntawm tus me nyuam txoj kev xav thiab kev xav. Txoj kev no suav nrog kev tsim tsis yog ib qho khoom, tab sis tag nrho zaj dab neeg. Tag nrho cov figurines tau muab tso rau ntawm ib qho chaw sawv ntsug thiab koom ua ke los ntawm ib qho kev sib koom ua ke. Cov txheej txheem yog ntev heev, yuav tsum tau siv sij hawm thiab siv zog, tab sis tsis muaj tsawg txaus siab.
3. Kev ua qauv zoo nkauj qhia txog kev ua yeeb yam pej xeem thiab khoom siv tes ua thiab nws hom. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws qhia kom xav ua ntej txog lub ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv tes ua yav tom ntej: kos duab, ornament, duab thiab duab. Piv txwv li, ib tug me nyuam txiav txim siab los ua ib lub vase nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm ib lub paj thiab decorate nws nrog floral ornaments. Nws kuj muaj kev xaiv: koj tuaj yeem khawb nws nrog cov khoom ntse lossis ua los ntawm qhov me me. Cov hniav nyiaj hniav kub, figurines, nkoj, rooj daim hlau yog tsim nyob rau hauv no txoj kev.

qauv hauv kindergarten

Hauv chav kawm, cov kws qhia ntawv tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb rau kev kos duab ntawm cov khoom siv yas. Cov tub ntxhais hluas tshaj plaws pib qhia txog cov txheej txheem thiab cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua qauv. Me nyuam mos kawm pinch tawm, dov cov khoom thiab sausages.

Maj mam, cov hauj lwm nyuaj dua. Kev ua haujlwm pab pawg ua haujlwm tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, tus kws qhia qhia yuav ua li cas piav qhia txog kev ntxhib los mos ntawm cov tsiaj plaub hau lossis cov nyom hauv av. Kev piav qhia yog ua tiav rau tag nrho pawg, tab sis tom qab tus kws qhia ntawv tuaj yeem pab txhua tus menyuam kawm cov txuj ci sib cais.

Muab txoj hauj lwm, tus kws qhia ntawv thim ib ntus los muabib lub cib fim rau cov me nyuam sim lawv txhais tes ntawm kev siv lawv tus kheej kev paub thiab muaj tswv yim.

Yuav tsum paub thiab muaj peev xwm

Tau kawg, cov menyuam yaus tsuas yog paub hauv preschool nrog hom qauv, cov ntaub ntawv, sim cov kev xav tshiab. Thaum muaj hnub nyoog preschool laus, koj yuav tsum paub thiab muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau ntxiv txhawm rau ua qauv coj los ua kev zoo siab:

1. Txhawm rau tsim qhov pom kev pom, cov menyuam yaus ua ntej saib cov duab lossis cov duab ntawm cov tsiaj, tib neeg, cov khoom. Kev soj ntsuam, lawv paub qhov txawv ntawm cov ntawv tseem ceeb lossis cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus kheej. Tau nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm tus yam ntxwv, nws yuav yooj yim dua los tsim cov duab. Piv txwv li, thaum ua qauv tus ntxhw, nws cov yam ntxwv qhia tau siv: lub cev ntev, lub cev loj thiab lub taub hau loj.
2. Kev nthuav dav horizons thiab saib ntau yam duab ntawm cov khoom paub, tus menyuam khaws cov duab pom uas yuav siv tau tom qab. Piv txwv li, xav txog tus miv dhia, noog ya, tus neeg taug kev, nws yuav tuaj yeem ua pwm lossis kos duab.
3. Thaum ua qauv hauv lub neej, cov menyuam yaus piv lawv txoj haujlwm nrog piv txwv. Ua li no, koj yuav tsum xub xav txog nws thiab sib tham txog nws cov yam ntxwv nta.
4. Yog tias txoj haujlwm yog los tsim koj tus kheej cov khoom siv tes ua raws li lub tswv yim, ces koj yuav tsum muaj kev ywj pheej los daws cov duab. Cov xwm txheej kev ua si yuav pab tau zoo. Piv txwv li, tus xib fwb qhia ua ntej tias cov me nyuam yuav sculpting hav zoov tsiaj rau Santa Claus, uas nws yuav caw mus festive carnival.

YPlasticine paintings

Ntxiv rau cov nuj nqis volumetric,ua los ntawm ntau hom me nyuam cov qauv, koj tuaj yeem ua daim ntawv thov. Lawv qhov zoo dua yog tias daim duab zoo li no yuav xav tau cov khoom siv tsawg dua, thiab cov txheej txheem thiab cov txiaj ntsig yuav thov tsis tsawg.

Cov txheej txheem, lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev tsim cov duab los ntawm plasticine, hu ua plasticineography. Cov duab yog semi-dimensional thiab ci.

Koj tuaj yeem ua rau txhua qhov chaw: iav, tuab daim duab los qhia, lub computer disk lossis ntoo board. Tsis tas li ntawd, rau kev ua haujlwm koj yuav xav tau ntau xim plasticine. Cov zajlus yuav yog ib tug tiav daim duab (xim). Koj tuaj yeem sau qhov chaw dawb nrog cov pob ntau xim, flagella lossis cov khoom siv uas siv cov txheej txheem smearing.

Zaj lus

Sculpting tau dhau los ua haujlwm tseem ceeb uas txhim kho kev xav, kev xav, thiab kev txawj tsav tsheb zoo. Tsim txawm tias cov khoom siv yooj yim tshaj plaws los ntawm cov av nplaum lossis plasticine los ntawm cov menyuam yaus yog cov txheej txheem muaj tswv yim nthuav. Los ntawm ib lub pob tsis zoo, ib daim duab me me, ib daim duab lossis ib pawg duab puab tau txais. Yuav luag ua khawv koob!

Siv hom qauv qauv, tus me nyuam kawm hloov nws cov duab rau hauv kev muaj tiag. Los ntawm kev kawm ntau yam txuj ci, cov menyuam yaus tuaj yeem tsim cov duab puab zoo nkauj, cov ntawv luam tawm, cov duab mosaic lossis cov khoom dai nrog lawv tus kheej tes.