DIY distillation kem: khoom siv, nta thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm
DIY distillation kem: khoom siv, nta thiab lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm
Anonim

Ib kab kab distillation yog cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb tsim los cais cov kua dej nrog cov ntsiab lus kub zoo heev. Feem ntau, cov khoom siv zoo li no yog siv rau kev lag luam, tab sis qee zaum cov khoom siv kuj tau tsim los siv hauv tsev. Ib kab distillation yog ib qho cuab yeej siv thev naus laus zis thiab nws nyuaj heev los tsim nws dua li kev tsim kho moonshine. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm nyob hauv tsev, qhov no ua tau.

Puas tsim nyog ua koj tus kheej lossis puas yuav lub tshuab zoo dua

haus cawv
haus cawv

Nws tsim nyog ua ke-nws-koj tus kheej distillation, txawm tias koj tuaj yeem yuav chav tsev no. Cov kab ntawv muaj muag, tab sis tsis yog txhua tus neeg muaj peev xwm yuav. Tsis tas li ntawd, hauv tsev yuav ib txwm muaj cov khoom siv improvised los ntawm qhov tseeb los tsim cov qauv ua haujlwm, thiab koj tuaj yeem txaus siab rau cov dej qab zib ntawm koj tus kheej npaj. Nws yog ib nqi sau cia hais tias ib tug ua-nws-koj tus kheej distillation kem yuav raug nqi rau koj ob mus rau peb lub sij hawm pheej yig dua li ib tug muas tsev distillery.

Yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov thaum tsim kab

Ib kab distillation yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom tsim nyog ntawm txhua qhov kev teeb tsa niaj hnub no uas tsim los cais cov kua dej nrog cov ntsiab lus kub sib txawv. Cov cuab yeej siv feem ntau yog siv rau kev lag luam thiab hauv tsev. Nws yog qhov ua tau los tsim ib lub cuab yeej nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes, qhov tseem ceeb yog kom nkag siab txog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab khaws tag nrho cov ntsiab lus tsim nyog. Ua ntej kawm txog kev khiav hauj lwm ntawm ib kab distillation, nws tsim nyog kawm cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm rectification thiab distillation.

Ntau txog kev kho kom raug thiab muab tshuaj txhuam

Tau cawv
Tau cawv

Ua ntej, cia peb tham txog distillation. Cawv thiab lwm yam vapors yuav raug muab cais tawm hauv cov dej kub ntxuav thaum sib tov ua kom sov, tom qab ntawd lawv tau muab sib xyaw rau hauv sab saud ntawm lub voos xwmfab thiab, qhov tseeb, raug tso tawm ua ke los ntawm lub raj mus rau lub tub yees thiab lub tank. Nws yog ib qho tsim nyog hais tias nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau cais cov vapors rau hauv cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig (cawv nws tus kheej) thiab ua rau muaj kev phom sij (qhov no yog hu ua "roj roj"), thiab nws yog qhov ntsuas kub thiab kev sib cais ntawm qhov hu ua "heads" thiab "tails" uas pab ua ib feem ua tau zoo.

Tam sim no wb tham txog kev kho. Vapors yuav sawv tsis ncaj, tab sis dhau los ntawm cov kua tshwj xeeb hu ua reflux. Cov phlegm nyob rau hauv "phaj" uas tau nruab rau hauv kem ntawm mini-distillery. Nyob rau hauv cov kua no, cov khoom volatile yuav nyob, uas boil yooj yim heev ntawm qhov kub thiab txias, thiab tsis tshua muaj volatile tshuaj nyob rau hauv vapor. Yog li ntawd, vapors purified los ntawm cov feem hnyav yuav nce siab. Nws yog ib qho kev txaj muag, tab sis cov khoom xyaw flavour kuj tau muab cais ua cov khoom tsis sib xws.

Pib neegob hom mash distillation yog siv. Qee tus neeg nyiam distillation ntau dua, thaum lwm tus nyiam kho. Yuav xaiv dab tsi yog nyob ntawm koj. Ib qho yooj yim ua tsev moonshine nrog ib tug prybnik yuav tsis muab cov cawv purest, tab sis nws tseem ua tau raws li tag nrho cov qauv uas tau txais, thiab cov dej haus hloov mus ua heev six.

Dab tsi yog qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov tshuab distillation

Distillation muaj cov txiaj ntsig hauv qab no:

  • kev nrawm nrawm;
  • cov khoom siv nrog qhov system distillation no raug nqi tsawg;
  • nrog rov ua kom pom thiab distillation, qhov zoo ntawm cawv yuav ua raws li txhua tus qauv GOST;
  • qhov saj ntawm cov dej haus yuav muaj qhov ntxoov ntxoo ntawm cov khoom raw los ntawm cov cawv tsim.

Dab tsi yog qhov tsis zoo ntawm distillation? Tsuas muaj ib qho teeb meem xwb - kom tau txais cawv ntshiab thiab muaj zog, yuav tsum muaj tshuaj lom neeg lub cev qhuav dej.

Kev kho kom raug muaj qhov zoo hauv qab no:

  • thaum lub sijhawm distillation, tau txais cov khoom ntshiab heev, thiab rau moonshine distillate, qhov kev vam meej yog qhov nyuaj heev kom ua tiav;
  • nws tuaj yeem tsim cov cawv muaj zog tam sim.

Kev kho kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo:

  • txheej txheem distillation yuav siv sij hawm ntev;
  • nkag siab tag nrho cov nuances ntawm cov txheej txheem yog qhov nyuaj;
  • khoom tsis pheej yig;
  • koj yuav tsum siv nyiaj rau dej thiab cua sov lub cuab yeej.

Ua ntej xaiv ib lossis lwm txoj hauv kev, koj yuav tsum ua tib zoo ntsuas txhua yam. Txawm li cas los xij, rectificate muaj ntau qhov txiaj ntsig zoo dua li distillate. Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb yuav ua li cas thiaj li ua kom cov kab distillation hauv ntau txoj hauv kev.

Raw khoom puag tsim kab

Txhawm rau tsim ib lub cuab yeej, koj yuav tsum khaws cov ntaub ntawv hauv qab no:

  1. Stainless steel yeeb nkab, uas muaj cov hauv qab no tsis: ib txoj kab uas hla ntawm peb caug-tsib mus rau tsib caug-tsib millimeters, ntev ntawm ib puas nees nkaum mus rau ib puas thiab tsib caug centimeters, thiab phab ntsa thickness ntawm ib millimeter.
  2. Insulation rau kev tsim cov txheej txheem cua sov hauv qee qhov ntawm cov cuab yeej.
  3. Thermos los tsim ib lub dephlegmator, qhov ntim ntawm cov thermos yuav tsum nce mus txog ib liter.
  4. Ib feem ntawm cov ntawv hlau ua los ntawm cov khoom siv tib yam li cov yeeb nkab.
  5. Ib daim PTFE lossis nws qhov hloov pauv rau ua lub tes tsho ntsuas kub.
  6. Gas burner.
  7. Faucet adapters.
  8. xov nrog xyaum ua ntau yam kab.
  9. Adapters rau koom nrog cov yeeb nkab ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab lub dephlegmator nrog lub tshuab nqus tsev distillation.
  10. Emery nozzle rau laum lossis tshuab.
  11. Tub nrog txoj kab uas hla ntawm plaub mus rau rau millimeters yuav raug siv los tsim cov chaw tso dej thiab lub tub yees.
  12. Nyiaj kub kub ntsuas kub.
  13. Rauj, ntaub ntawv, pliers, sandpaper.
  14. Ib yam hlau uas muaj lub zog ntau dua 100 watts.
  15. Tub lossis zoo hose, kaum centimeters ntev.

Thaum koj tau npaj tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem saib daim duab ntawm kab distillation thiab pib ua nws.

Kev tsim cov kab ntawv thermos

Rectifier daim ntawv qhia
Rectifier daim ntawv qhia

Tam sim no koj tuaj yeem pib tsim lub cuab yeej:

  1. Txiav tawm qhov ntev ntawm cov yeeb nkab (titanium yog qhov zoo tagnrho), chamfer thiab luas cov npoo.
  2. Tam sim no peb tab tom pib tsim lub adapter uas yuav kho cov chav xaiv distillate thiab lub raj nrog cov cuab yeej npog rau hauv ib qho qauv. Lub adapter yuav tsum tau nruj nreem ntxig rau hauv cov yeeb nkab ntawm ib sab, thiab nyob rau sab nraud nws yuav tsum muaj cov xov ntawm yuav luag ob millimeters.
  3. Tam sim no rau kab distillation, koj yuav tsum tau ua cov tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau lub nozzles, txoj kab uas hla yuav tsum yog li ntawd lawv tuaj yeem nruj nreem cog rau hauv cov yeeb nkab. Feem ntau txoj kab uas hla yuav yog peb mus rau plaub millimeters. Ntawm ib sab ntawm lub adapter, koj yuav tsum tau ntxig ib lub yeeb nkab, thiab lub adapter yuav raug soldered ntawm qhov sib txuas nrog lub voos xwmfab.
  4. Tam sim no tso lub tinned adapter rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, thiab ua kom sov rau thaj tsam soldering nrog lub burner.
  5. Tsev distillation kem xav tau ntau ntxiv. Ncuav nws mus rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, ces co lub yeeb nkab kom cov muab tub lim yog tusyees faib tshaj nws. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas cov yeeb nkab tau ntim rau saum nrog muab tub lim.
  6. Tam sim no koj yuav tsum tau ntxig lub tshuab ntxhua khaub ncaws rau lub taub hau rau hauv cov yeeb nkab, tom qab ntawd nruab qhov kawg ntawm kev xaiv, solder, thiab ntxiv rau qhov chaw no nrog lub qhov cub. Tam sim no siv lub rwb thaiv tsev kub rau ntawm cov yeeb nkab, thiab nws yuav tsum nyob rau tag nrho qhov ntev.
  7. Disassemble lub thermos, ntxuav hauv qab nrog cov ntawv xuab zeb, thiab tom qab ntawd nqa lwm lub tinning. Los ntawm lub tin, tsim ib lub bracket, thiab los ntawm cov hlau, tsim cov loops uas tau muab tso rau hauv lub qhov ntawm lub bracket thiab twisted nrog pliers.
  8. Pinch qhov dawb kawg ntawm cov hlau nyob rau hauv ib lub vise, ces muab tso rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm lub thermos, thiab tom qab lub thermos koj yuav tsum co nws sharply thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub hauv qab kiag li ntog.
  9. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj rau kev sib tsoo cov hlua txuas kom txog thaum muaj qhov sib txawv me me ntawm lub hau thiab lub hwj nws tus kheej. Koj yuav tsum rub tawm lub khob sab hauv los ntawm lub khob sab nrauv.
  10. Tam sim no cia peb pib tsim tus dephlegmator. Txhawm rau ua qhov no, koj yuav tsum tshem tawm cov hauv qab thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev. Laum ib lub qhov nyob rau hauv lub khob haus dej nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus cheeb tsam kom cua nyob rau hauv. Ntxuav thiab tin qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov, thiab tom qab ntawd ntxig lub raj thiab muab khi rau hauv lub qhov. Ua lwm lub qhov nyob rau hauv nruab nrab ntawm lub hauv qab ntawm lub thermos thiab muab ib lub hwj rau hauv qab ntawm lub ntaus ntawv, solder lub raj thiab hauv qab ntawm lub thermos.
  11. Kev kos duab ntawm kab distillation xav tias lub caj dab ntawm lub thermos thiab qhov chaw uas cov distillate yuav tsum tau tinned. Lub knot yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv lub caj dab, thiab ces solder nws. Ib qho kev xyaum yuav pab koj ua qhov rau cov hlab ntsha nyob rau sab sauv thiab qis ntawm lub khob sab nrauv, qhov no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev muab thiab tshem tawm cov dej txias. Tam sim no ntxig cov hlab rau hauv qhov koj xav tau, thiab ua tib zoo solder cov pob qij txha. Laum lwm lub qhov nyob rau hauv qhov chaw uas cov distillate yog coj, uas yog tsim nyog rau lub tes tsho tus pas ntsuas kub. Nyob rau hauv lub tes tsho, kuj tho qhov xav tau rau lub ntsuas kub ntsuas (ob peb millimeters txaus). Tam sim no ntxig bushing thiab xaiv.
  12. Thaum kawg, lub hli ci ntsa iab kab hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm adhesions yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej qab zib. Tom qab ntawd, koj tuaj yeem ntsia lub reflux condenser rau hauv kem thiab yaug txhua yam ntxivdaws. Yog lawm.

Cov khoom siv hauv tsev feem ntau zoo dua thiab ua haujlwm zoo dua li cov yuav khoom, tab sis yog tias koj tsis xav ua txhua yam koj tus kheej, ces koj tuaj yeem yuav lub cuab yeej.

Yuav ua li cas yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab sib txuas

Ib yam ntawm cov rectifier hom
Ib yam ntawm cov rectifier hom

Yog li, cov mash yuav tsum tau nchuav rau hauv lub voos xwmfab, uas maj mam sov. Yog li ntawd, chav yuav raug tso tawm, uas muaj cawv. Lub vapor yog sib zog dua li cov kua thiab yuav nce mus rau sab saum toj ntawm kem. Kuj tseem muaj reflux condenser, uas yog txias los ntawm dej txias. Raws li qhov tshwm sim, lub zog pib condense thiab pib ntws, tab sis ntawm txoj kev nws tseem yuav tau txais cov khoom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov kab distillation zoo tshaj plaws.

Lub sijhawm no, cov mash tau txuas ntxiv mus, thiab cov vapors yuav ntws mus rau sab saud, thiab lawv yuav pib sib tov nrog condensate. Cov txheej txheem txuas ntxiv no hu ua rectification. Raws li qhov tshwm sim ntawm rectification, lub condensate hu ua phlegm yuav raug tsim, thiab nws yuav saturated nrog vapor, thiab chav, nyob rau hauv lem, yuav saturated phlegm. Xws li kev sib pauv yuav tsim kom muaj kev sib xyaw ntawm cov vapors, uas cov teeb pom kev zoo tshaj plaws yuav nce mus rau saum toj, thiab lawv yuav muaj cov dej cawv ntau tshaj plaws. Nws qhov kub hnyiab yuav qis dua li cov dej. Nyob rau sab sauv ntawm kab, vapors nrog cawv mus rau reflux condenser, qhov chaw uas lawv tau lim thiab saturated, thiab ces mus rau lub tub yees. Qhov no yog ua cawv dawb huv li cas.

Koj puas xav tias cov kab distillation zoo tshaj yog yuav? Tsis yog, koj yuam kev rau qhov no. Nrog koj tus kheej txhais tes koj tuaj yeem ua ib qho zoo heev distillation kem rau cawv thiab nws muajyuav muaj cov khoom zoo ib yam li lub Hoobkas khoom, qhov tseem ceeb yog ua raws li tag nrho cov nuances thaum tsim.

Xaiv lub tub yees hauv kev ua haujlwm yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj

Lub tub yees ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem, yog li nws txoj kev xaiv yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tshwj xeeb.

Nco ntsoov! Kev siv lub tub yees Dimroth yog qhov ua tsis tau. Qhov no yog vim lub fact tias cov qauv tsim txawv nyob rau hauv cov khoom uas muaj ib tug tsawg boiling point tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw txias. Lub tub yees no zoo rau cov khoom sib tov uas kub kub tshaj ib puas thiab rau caum degrees.

Tsis txhob siv lub tshuab cua txias, vim tias qhov txias yuav tsis muaj txiaj ntsig. Nws tuaj yeem siv tau yog tias lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws qhuav ntxiv rau hauv kem, tab sis nws tsis tas yuav muaj nyob ntawd.

Qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog lub khob iav txias. Nrog xws li ib tug tub yees, koj yuav tau txais ib tug high-zoo moonshine tseem nrog ib tug distillation kab. Kuv tuaj yeem tau lub tshuab txias li cas? Nws yog muag hauv txhua lub khw nrog cov khoom siv hauv chav kuaj. Yog tias koj tseem xav tswj tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xaiv, ces lub raj dephlegmator txuas nrog lub tub yees tuaj yeem nruab nrog tus kais dej ntxiv.

Txoj yam ntxwv ntawm lub cuab yeej thiab nws cov ntawv pov thawj

Cawv hauv lub khob ntsuas
Cawv hauv lub khob ntsuas

Txhua lub cuab yeej nrog cov kab distillation muaj nws cov khoom sib dhos, thiab nws yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas ua ntej siv. Thawj qhov uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias tag nrho cov ntsiab lus hauv cov qauv yuav tsum tau txuas nrog kev sib txuas zoo tib yam. Rau lub txias txias, ib txwm xaiv ib tug pa ntws los ntawmdej. Qee lub Hoobkas qauv tseem siv lub boiler.

Nws tsim nyog hais tias qhov sib txawv me me hauv kev suav ntawm kab distillation thiab kev sib dhos yuav tsis ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thaum kawg. Yog li koj tsis tas yuav txhawj txog qhov teeb meem no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj xav nce qhov ntim ntawm cov cawv uas tsim tawm ntawm lub qhov hluav taws xob, koj yuav tsum tau muab ob npaug rau qhov loj ntawm kab distillation. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj siv cov yeeb nkab ib thiab ib nrab 'meter' rau ib kab, ces koj tuaj yeem tau txog li peb caug litres cawv txhua hnub. Yog li ntawd, kev nce hauv cov yeeb nkab yuav ua rau muaj ntau yam cawv. Thaum kawg ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cuab yeej, nws yuav tsum tau lubricate tag nrho nws cov kev sib txuas nrog cov dej soapy, thiab tom qab ntawd tshuab nws. Qhov no yog qhov koj tuaj yeem pom cov xau tsis tsim nyog, vim tias xab npum npuas yuav tshwm sim. Yog tias koj tau txuas lub tshuab dej txias rau cov kav dej, koj tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas cov xau hauv qhov system, tab sis nyob rau hauv siab.

Qhia ua mash

Txhua yam rau kev npaj cawv
Txhua yam rau kev npaj cawv

Cov hauv qab no yog cov lus pom zoo los ntawm cov kws paub txog cawv:

  1. Koj yuav tsum tsis txhob muab cov poov xab ntxiv, vim nws yuav ua rau cov roj fusel tsim.
  2. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los ntxuav cov cawv cawv nrog cov tshuaj poov tshuaj permanganate. Koj yuav xav tau ib los yog ob grams ntawm cov khoom ib liter, tab sis ua ntej dilute lub poov tshuaj permanganate nyob rau hauv boiled dej. Tom qab ntawd do thiab tos kom txog thaum cov nag poob tawm (qhov no yuav kav li kaum teev), thiab tom qab ntawd cov cawv yuav tsum tau lim, thiab qhov no tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm paj rwb ntaub plaub.
  3. Kem yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plawstsis yog tam sim ntawd, tab sis tom qab ib ntus, thaum koj kawm paub siv nws kom raug thiab kawm cov nuances sib txawv ntawm kev tsim cov cawv zoo hauv tsev.

Yuav ua li cas muab rau kab raws li qhov tshwm sim

Industrial distillation nroj tsuag
Industrial distillation nroj tsuag

Yog tias koj siv cov tshuaj distillation ib txwm, ces koj yuav tau txais cawv tsis txaus ntawm qhov tso zis, txawm hais tias nws yuav ua raws li GOST cov qauv. Cov kab yuav muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo dua rau koj vim nws cov khoom thiab kev tu lub peev xwm. Yog, cov kab hauv tsev yog kim heev, yog li nws zoo dua los ua cov cuab yeej koj tus kheej. Koj tuaj yeem ua lub cuab yeej koj tus kheej yam tsis muaj kev siv zog ntau, yog tias koj ua raws li cov lus qhia, koj yuav muaj ntawm tes cov ntaub ntawv tsim nyog thiab sijhawm dawb los tsim cov khoom tshwj xeeb.

Ua tsaug rau kab distillation, koj tuaj yeem tau txais cawv dawb huv, uas yog siv hauv txhua qhov chaw ntawm kev ua si. Thaum lub caij so, koj yuav tsis tas yuav cov dej cawv hauv cov khw muag khoom uas tsis txawv ntawm lawv qhov kev huv, ntxiv rau, kuj muaj cov khoom cuav, thiab qhov no yog qhov txaus ntshai heev rau kev noj qab haus huv. Surrogate cawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj loj, txawm tias tuag, yog li nws yog qhov zoo dua los siv cov dej cawv hauv tsev. Koj yuav tau 100% tseeb ntawm koj cov khoom thiab nws purity.

Txhua tus neeg yuav muaj peev xwm tsim cov kab distillation rau lub hli yog tias lawv siv zog txaus rau kev lag luam no thiab faib sijhawm rau nws. Koj puas xav ua tiav hauv kev lag luam cawv? Txhua yam nyob hauv koj txhais tes, cia li sim.

Pom zoo: